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Презентация на тему London: history, places of interest, traditional ceremonies

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London: history, places of interest traditional ceremonies
«London: history, places of interest, traditional ceremonies» London: history, places of interest traditional ceremonies London is a region in the United KingdomSovereign state - United KingdomCountry London is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom, the Prehistory and antiquity Although there is evidence of scattered Brythonic settlements in Middle Ages With the collapse of Roman rule in the early 5th William the ConquerorIn 1066, England had a new King - William the In 1509, Henry the 8th was the king and there were 50,000 In 1665 there was a big plague in London. Fleas in rats St Paul’s Cathedral  After the fire, a new St Paul’s cathedral The 18th CenturyIn the 18th Century, Britain was one of the most Queen Victoria (1837- 1901)She was one of the most important monarchs in The Crystal Palace in Hyde Park (London, 1851) 20th CenturyDuring the Second World War (1939-1945), the German bombs destroyed many Buckingham PalaceIt’s the Queen’s home and her office. About 300 The Changing of the guardAt half-past eleven most mornings, the soldiers change The Queen’s Gallery and the Royal Mews The Queen’s Gallery is in Buckingham Palace Road. It exhibits works of The Royal MewsIt is the home of the Queen’s horses and coaches Kensington Palace    has been home Windsor CastleWindsor is a small town, half an hour by train from Hampton Court  is located on the bank of the River Thames in southwest London. The Royal ParadesOn the second Saturday in June, London celebrates the Queen’s The Queen opens the Parliament in November, when the British government begins The Lord Mayor’s ShowThe Lord Mayor's Show is one of the best The City is the oldest part of London. It is now the The Tower of LondonIt’s the oldest building in the city. In the Tower BridgeIt is more than 100 years old.When tall ships go up St Paul’s Cathedral is in the Centre of the City. Its dome Whitehall and the WestminsterWhitehall is a long road, to the Westminster Abbey is London’s oldest and most famous church. English Kings and The Houses of Parliament   is the home of By the river ThamesYou cannot see London without a visit to the Parks and Gardens  Hyde Park was first opened in the 17th Regent’s Park is the home of the London Zoo. It Museums and galeriesThe British Museum is the biggest museum in Britain and The National Gallery is in Trafalgar Square. A big art
Слайды презентации

Слайд 2 London: history, places of interest traditional ceremonies

London: history, places of interest traditional ceremonies

Слайд 3 London is a region in the United Kingdom
Sovereign

London is a region in the United KingdomSovereign state - United

state - United Kingdom
Country – England
Region – London
Ceremonial counties

– City and Greater London
Districts - City and 32 boroughs
Settled by Romans as Londinium, c. AD 43
Headquarters - City Hall
Area - 1,572.1 km2 (607 sq mi)
Population (July 2010 est.) - 7,825,200





Слайд 4 London is the capital city of England and

London is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom,

the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the

United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who called it Londinium. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.


Слайд 5 Prehistory and antiquity
Although there is evidence of scattered

Prehistory and antiquity Although there is evidence of scattered Brythonic settlements

Brythonic settlements in the area, the first major settlement

was founded by the Romans in 43 AD. This lasted for just seventeen years and around 61, the Iceni tribe led by Queen Boudica stormed it, burning it to the ground. The next, heavily planned incarnation of the city prospered and superseded Colchester as the capital of the Roman province of Britannia in 100.

At its height during the 2nd century, Roman London had a population of around 60,000. By the 7th century, the Anglo-Saxons had created a new settlement called Lundenwic over a mile upstream from the old Roman city, around what is now Covent Garden.


Слайд 6 Middle Ages
With the collapse of Roman rule in

Middle Ages With the collapse of Roman rule in the early

the early 5th century, London was effectively abandoned. However,

from the 6th century an Anglo-Saxon settlement known as Lundenwic, rising to a likely population of 10–12,000.
In the 9th century London was repeatedly attacked by Vikings, leading to a relocation of the city back to the location of Roman Londinium, in order to use its walls for protection.


Following the unification of England in the 10th century London, already the country's largest city and most important trading centre, became increasingly important as a political centre, although it still faced competition from Winchester, the traditional centre of the kingdom of Wessex.


Слайд 7 William the Conqueror
In 1066, England had a new

William the ConquerorIn 1066, England had a new King - William

King - William the Conqueror, from France.
He built a

castle. We know it today as the Tower of London.
At that time, London was the biggest and most important city in England.

Слайд 8 In 1509, Henry the 8th was the king

In 1509, Henry the 8th was the king and there were

and there were 50,000 people in London.



In 1600, when

Elizabeth the First was the Queen, there were 200,000 people in London.


Слайд 9 In 1665 there was a big plague in

In 1665 there was a big plague in London. Fleas in

London. Fleas in rats caused the plague. More than

100,000 people died during the Big Plague.



In 1666, there was a big fire “The Great Fire of London”. It started in a bakery. It lasted for 4 days and destroyed most of the buildings in London.

Слайд 10 St Paul’s Cathedral
After the fire, a new

St Paul’s Cathedral After the fire, a new St Paul’s cathedral

St Paul’s cathedral was built by Sir Christpher Wren

1675- 1711

Слайд 11 The 18th Century
In the 18th Century, Britain was

The 18th CenturyIn the 18th Century, Britain was one of the

one of the most important countries in the world

and London was its the most important city.

Some Londoners were rich and they built some of the most beautiful houses. Many of them are still standing today. But, there were also many poor people in London.

Слайд 12 Queen Victoria (1837- 1901)
She was one of the

Queen Victoria (1837- 1901)She was one of the most important monarchs

most important monarchs in British history.
At that time many

railways were built. People could travel by train.
In 1851 there was the Great Exhibition at the Crystal Palace in Hyde Park. More than 6 million people came to the wonderful exhibits.
In 1863, world first underground train began to run in London.

Слайд 13 The Crystal Palace in Hyde Park (London, 1851)

The Crystal Palace in Hyde Park (London, 1851)

Слайд 14 20th Century
During the Second World War (1939-1945), the

20th CenturyDuring the Second World War (1939-1945), the German bombs destroyed

German bombs destroyed many buildings in London, but they

didn’t destroy St Paul’s Cathedral. Now, London has some of the world’s most exciting new buildings.
Today people from all over the world live in London, where you can hear about 300 different languages.


Слайд 15 Buckingham Palace
It’s the Queen’s home and

Buckingham PalaceIt’s the Queen’s home and her office. About 300

her office. About 300 people work here. Heads of

governments and royal visitors from around the world meet the Queen here.

In August and September you can visit some of the rooms in the palace and some of the gardens.


Слайд 16 The Changing of the guard
At half-past eleven most

The Changing of the guardAt half-past eleven most mornings, the soldiers

mornings, the soldiers change the guard at Buckigham Palace.

It takes about thirty minutes.
Hundred of visitors come and watch it every day.

Слайд 17 The Queen’s Gallery and the Royal Mews

The Queen’s Gallery and the Royal Mews

Слайд 18 The Queen’s Gallery is in Buckingham Palace Road.

The Queen’s Gallery is in Buckingham Palace Road. It exhibits works

It exhibits works of art from the Royal Collection.


Слайд 19 The Royal Mews
It is the home of the

The Royal MewsIt is the home of the Queen’s horses and coaches

Queen’s horses and coaches


Слайд 20 Kensington Palace

Kensington Palace  has been home to the royal

has been home to the royal family for

over 300 years and was where Diana Princess of Wales resided. It is in Hyde Park.


Слайд 21 Windsor Castle
Windsor is a small town, half an

Windsor CastleWindsor is a small town, half an hour by train

hour by train from London. There, you can visit

Windsor Castle, the largest and oldest occupied castle in the world, is one of the official residences of Her Majesty The Queen. She goes there at the weekends.


Слайд 22
Hampton Court
is located on the

Hampton Court  is located on the bank of the River Thames in southwest London.

bank of the River Thames in southwest London.


Слайд 23 The Royal Parades
On the second Saturday in June,

The Royal ParadesOn the second Saturday in June, London celebrates the

London celebrates the Queen’s birthday with a big parade:

The Trooping of the Colour.

Слайд 24 The Queen opens the Parliament in November, when

The Queen opens the Parliament in November, when the British government

the British government begins to work for the year.


Слайд 25 The Lord Mayor’s Show

The Lord Mayor's Show is

The Lord Mayor’s ShowThe Lord Mayor's Show is one of the

one of the best known annual events in London,

which dates back to 1535. The Lord Mayor is that of the City of London, the historic centre of London that is now the financial district. A new Lord Mayor is appointed every year and the public parade reflects that the Lord Mayor is the most important person in London after the Queen.

Слайд 26 The City is the oldest part of London.

The City is the oldest part of London. It is now

It is now the home of the bank of

England and many other big offices.

Half a million business people work in the City; but few people live there. One of the most popular buildings is known as “the Gherkin”.

Слайд 27 The Tower of London
It’s the oldest building in

The Tower of LondonIt’s the oldest building in the city. In

the city. In the past it was a palace

and a prison. It was built by William, the Conqueror, around 1078. It is made up of 11 towers. At the centre is the white tower.
Some famous prisoners at the tower were Anne Boleyn, wife of Henry, the 8th. Elizabeth 1st was also a prisoner in the tower.
Today you can visit the Tower. You can see the Crown Jewel and visit the Bloody Tower.




There are 36 Yeoman Warders, or Beefeaters at the Tower. They tell the visitors about the Tower and its famous people


Слайд 28 Tower Bridge
It is more than 100 years old.
When

Tower BridgeIt is more than 100 years old.When tall ships go

tall ships go up the river, the centre of

the bridge opens

Слайд 29 St Paul’s Cathedral is in the Centre of

St Paul’s Cathedral is in the Centre of the City. Its

the City. Its dome is 110 metres high. The

two bells in the tower are called Great Paul and Great Tom, which rings when a king or queen dies.

The Monument, a building 60 metres high, is also in the city. It was built to remember the Great London Fire. It is near Pudding Lane, where the fire started.


Слайд 30 Whitehall and the Westminster
Whitehall is a long

Whitehall and the WestminsterWhitehall is a long road, to the

road, to the south of Trafalgar Square. Most of

the buildings in this road are government officies.
The Prime Minister lives at 10, Dowing Street.
There are always two soldiers on horses outside Horse Guard Parade.

Слайд 31 Westminster Abbey is London’s oldest and most famous

Westminster Abbey is London’s oldest and most famous church. English Kings

church. English Kings and queens always have their coronation

here- from the time of William the Conqueror. Lots of important people, writers, scientists, queen and kings are buried here.



Слайд 32 The Houses of Parliament

The Houses of Parliament  is the home of the

is the home of the British Goverment. The clock

high up in the Tower is called Big Ben; but really Big Ben is the bell in the clock.

Слайд 33 By the river Thames
You cannot see London without

By the river ThamesYou cannot see London without a visit to

a visit to the river: you can walk along

the river, go across its many bridges, or go in boat to see London from the river.

Слайд 34 Parks and Gardens
Hyde Park was first

Parks and Gardens Hyde Park was first opened in the 17th

opened in the 17th century. It is a beautiful

park. You can walk or sit under the trees. There is a lake in the centre, called the Serpentine.
People come to the Speaker’s Corner to tell the world about politics, religions. Some people come to listen.

Kensington Gardens is next to Hyde Park. Here you can see a statue of Peter Pan. There is also a playground called the Diana, Princess of Wales playground.


Слайд 35 Regent’s Park is the home of

Regent’s Park is the home of the London Zoo. It

the London Zoo. It opened in 1828. There is

also a theatre in the park. On summer’s evenings you can watch plays by Shakespeare.

St James’s Park is a small park but very beautiful. It is the oldest of the Royal Park. Lots of birds live on and around the lake in the centre of the park.


Слайд 36 Museums and galeries
The British Museum is the biggest

Museums and galeriesThe British Museum is the biggest museum in Britain

museum in Britain and the oldest museum in the

world (1759). You can learn about Greece, Rome, Egypt or Asian Cultures.

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