Слайд 2
Glossary
patron saint - покровитель
shopkeeper - торговец
pawnbroker - ростовщик
bishop
- епископ
concern - опасение
charity - благотворительность
aid - помощь
broadcast -
передавать
confectioner - кондитер
cracker - хлопушка
supply - снабжать
crew - команда
promote - рекламировать
brother-in-law - шурин
straw - сено
wise men - волхвы
sample - попробовать
wafer - вафля
forfeit - лишать
servant - слуга
sack - мешок
derive – происходить от
Слайд 3
Merry Christmas
The legend of Santa Claus began with
Saint Nicholas. He is the patron saint of children,
shopkeepers, pawnbrokers and sailors among other things.
Слайд 4
Merry Christmas
The real Saint Nicholas was bishop of
the town of Myra in Turkey. The Dutch named
him Sinter Claes, which became Santa Claus when Dutch settlers took the tradition to the United States.
Слайд 5
Merry Christmas
In the United Kingdom, children traditionally put
out socks for Santa Claus to put their presents
in. They are usually hung above the fireplace or at the end of the child’s bed. Santa comes down the chimney, fills the socks and then drinks the wine that the family has left for him. It is traditional to leave a carrot or some other food for his reindeer.
Слайд 6
Merry Christmas
The Christmas tree tradition started in Germany
in the sixteenth century. Queen Victoria’s husband, Albert, who
was from Germany, brought the tradition to the United Kingdom and German immigrants took it to the United States at the end of the 1800s.
Слайд 7
Merry Christmas
Since 1925, the United States’ official Christmas
tree has been a Giant Sequoia called ‘General Grant’
in King’s Canyon National Park.
Слайд 8
Merry Christmas
Electric Christmas tree lights were invented in
1895 by American Ralph Morris after concerns over accidents
involving the use of candles.
Слайд 9
Merry Christmas
The first charity Christmas card, produced by
UNICEF in 1949, was painted by a seven-year-old girl.
The girl was from Rudolfo, a small town in Czechoslovakia, which was one of the first places to receive aid after the Second World War. The picture was of children dancing.
Слайд 10
Merry Christmas
The first British Monarch’s speech broadcast to
the nation in 1932 was written by Rudyard Kipling,
author of Jungle Book and the poem If. Its opening words were ‘I speak now from my home and from my heart …’
Слайд 11
Merry Christmas
In 1847, Tom Smith, an English confectioner,
invented the Christmas cracker. The company he founded exists
to this day and supplies Christmas crackers to the British royal family.
Слайд 12
Merry Christmas
Since the crew of Apollo 8 became
the first people in space over Christmas 1968, thirty-five
people have so far spent Christmas Day in either in Salyut, MIR or the International Space Station.
Слайд 13
Merry Christmas
Both Idaho and Indiana in the United
States have a town called Santa Claus.
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Merry Christmas
Rudolph the red-nosed reindeer first appeared in
1939 to promote the opening of the latest shop
in the Montgomery-Ward department store chain. The story was written by Robert May whose four-year-old daughter chose the name Rudolph. The famous song of the same name was written by his brother-in-law.
Слайд 15
Merry Christmas
In Finland, Santa travels on a goat
made of straw called Ukko. Straw decorations are a
great tradition at Christmas in Sweden.
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Merry Christmas
In Syria, Christmas gifts are given out
by a camel. It is supposed to have belonged
to one of the three wise men who visited the new-born Jesus.
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Merry Christmas
In Poland, as well as in many
other eastern European countries, the main ingredient of the
Christmas meal is fish. The meal, which consists of twelve different dishes, is eaten on Christmas Eve. Guests must sample each of the dishes. After the meal, a wafer is broken and shared among the guests.
Слайд 18
Merry Christmas
In Lithuania, children must sing a song
for Kaledu Senelis, or Grandfather Christmas, before they can
receive their presents. If they don’t do this, they forfeit the presents, which are given to another child.
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Merry Christmas
In Greece, the only way to get
rid of the Kallikantzori is by burning an old
shoe. If you do not have an old shoe, salt may be burned instead.
Слайд 20
Merry Christmas
In the Ukraine, if you find a
spider’s web in the house on Christmas morning, it
means good luck. Legend has it that by spinning webs, spiders used to decorate the trees of poor families who could not afford decorations. Today, spiders and webs are often used as Christmas tree decorations in the Ukraine.
Слайд 21
Merry Christmas
In Holland, Santa Claus is accompanied by
his servant, Black Peter, when he gives out presents.
It is Black Peter and not Santa who throws the presents down the chimneys. Black Peter also punishes naughty children by putting them in sacks and taking them to Spain.
