Слайд 2
Islam is the second most popular religion in
the world with over a thousand million followers. Islam
began in Arabia and was revealed to humanity by the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Those who follow Islam are called Muslims. Muslims believe that there is only one God, called Allah, who speaks Arabic.
The Muslim calendar has 354 days and is based on the 12 crescent moon cycles.
Слайд 4
The Koran
The Muslim scripture is the Holy Qur'an.
It is 'the word of God'. Muslim beliefs and
practices are rooted in the Qur'an.
Muslims treat the Qur'an with great respect because they believe that the Qur'an is from Allah, and every word and every letter is sacred.
Muslims regard the Qur'an as the unaltered word of God.
It is read from right to left and written in Arabic, the language of heaven.
Слайд 5
About as long as the New Testament
114 suras,
arranged from longest to shortest
Most suras are collections
of
Mohammed’s teachings with no overall theme
Suras are labeled by
distinctive or unusual words found in each
No historical chapters
Strictly speaking, cannot
be translated, only paraphrased
Слайд 6
Islam Place of Worship
The Muslim building for communal
worship is called a Mosque. The word comes from
the Arabic for "place of prostration".
Worshippers are called to prayer 5 times a day from minarets – towers on the mosque corners.
They contain only designs, no people or animals or furniture.
Normal day of worship is Friday.
Слайд 7
Mohammed
Born about 570 in Mecca
About 610, claims
to receive visions and messages.
These collected and written
down about 650 as the Koran.
Flees to Medina, 622 (hegira)
Return to Mecca, 630
Unified Arabia by the time of his death in 632
Слайд 8
Myth :
Most Muslims are Arabs who live
in the Middle East
Reality:
Of more than 1
billion Muslims worldwide, only about 1/5 are Arabs.
Слайд 10
The Pillars of Islam
1. Creed
2. Five daily
prayers
3. Alms
4. Fasting during Ramadan
5. Pilgrimage
to Mecca (Hajj)
Haji denotes one who has made the Hajj
Слайд 11
Sources of Islamic Doctrine
-Koran (from root meaning read
or study)
-Hadith (tradition): traditional sayings of Mohammed and other
early followers
-Tradition of the Mahdi
-Sharia (way): Codified Islamic Law
Слайд 12
Schism about 700 A.D.
Reasons:
Succession to Caliphate (Kalifa,
successor; successor of Mohammed)
Incorporation of non-Koranic elements into
Islam
Worldliness of Caliphs, discrimination against non-Arab Muslims
Shiites (shia: party or faction) about 10% (mostly Iran)
Fundamentalist?
Sunnites (Sunna: beaten path) about 90%
Слайд 14
Main Festival
Hijja:
The month of pilgrimage during which all
Muslims, at least once in their life, should try
to make the pilgrimage to Mecca and worship at the Kaaba
Слайд 15
Myth: Muslims believe it is o.k. to kill
civilians in a holy war (“jihad”).
Reality: Only Muslim extremists
believe this. (Just like most Christians do NOT believe in bombing abortion clinics.)
Слайд 16
Myth: Most Muslim women wear veils over their
faces and are treated very badly.
Reality: Muslim women have
many different styles of dress. (Very few cultures require women to cover their faces.)
The treatment of women varies from country to country and family to family.
Some Muslim countries, like Pakistan, have had female prime ministers.
Слайд 17
Pakistani dress (left); Saudi Arabian (right)
Слайд 19
Somali (left); West African (right)
Слайд 20
Malaysian (left); Indian/
Bangladeshi (right)
Слайд 23
Blue Mosque (Sultan Ahmet Mosque), Istanbul Turkey
Слайд 26
Conclusions:
Islam is an important religion, which shares many
beliefs and practices with Christianity and Judaism.
Muslims live in
many different countries. Islam is especially widespread in Africa, Asia, and southeastern Europe (the Balkans).
Islam has had a great impact on world art and culture.
