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Презентация на тему Sports in Society: Issues & Controversies

Sports Are Social PhenomenaSports are related to the social and cultural contexts in which we liveSports provide stories & images used to explain & evaluate these contextsSports provide a window into culture and society
Sports in Society: Issues & ControversiesChapter 1The Sociology of Sport: What Is Sports Are Social PhenomenaSports are related to the social and cultural contexts SOCIOLOGY is a tool for  studying sports in societySociology provides usefulConceptsTheoriesResearch CULTURE Consists of the “ways of life” people create in a group SOCIETYA collection of people Living in a defined geographical territory United through SOCIOLOGY Vs. PSYCHOLOGY  Psychologists study behavior in terms of attributes & Critical thinking  about sports helps usIdentify & understand social problems and SOCIOLOGY may lead to controversial recommendationsSociological research may produce findings that suggest Why study sports  as social phenomena?Sports activities and images are part Ideologies The sets of interrelated ideas that people use To give meaning The characteristics of  Ideologies are: They are never established “once and “Dominant Ideology” Represents the perspectives and ideas favored by people who have Gender Ideology  refers to A set of interrelated ideas about masculinity, Racial Ideology  refers to A set of interrelated ideas that people Why study sports  as social phenomena?Sports are connected with major spheres of social life FamilyEconomyMediaPoliticsEducationReligion Major Professional Organizations in the Sociology of Sport :The International Sociology of Disagreements in the  Sociology of SportScholars in the field see themselves SPORT Is Defined by  Some Scholars As Activities That ArePhysicalCompetitiveInstitutionalizedMotivated by Institutionalization  Occurs When Rules become standardizedOfficial agencies enforce rulesOrganizational & technical Play vs. Dramatic Spectacle Play involves expressive activity done for its own An Alternative Approach  to Defining Sports: Determine what activities are identified SPORTS are  contested activitiesThis means that there are struggles over:The meaning,
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Слайд 2 Sports Are Social Phenomena
Sports are related to the

Sports Are Social PhenomenaSports are related to the social and cultural

social and cultural contexts in which we live

Sports provide

stories & images used to explain & evaluate these contexts

Sports provide a window into culture and society

Слайд 3 SOCIOLOGY is a tool for studying sports in

SOCIOLOGY is a tool for studying sports in societySociology provides usefulConceptsTheoriesResearch

society
Sociology provides useful
Concepts
Theories
Research methods

These tools enable us to “see”

behavior as it connected with history, politics, economics, and social life

Слайд 4 CULTURE
Consists of the “ways of life” people

CULTURE Consists of the “ways of life” people create in a

create in a group or society
These ways of life

are created and changed as people interact with each other, as they come to terms with, and even struggle over how to
Do things and organize their lives
Relate to each other
Make sense out of their experiences

Слайд 5 SOCIETY

A collection of people
Living in a defined

SOCIETYA collection of people Living in a defined geographical territory United

geographical territory
United through
a political system
a shared

sense of self-identification that distinguishes them from other people.

Слайд 6 SOCIOLOGY Vs. PSYCHOLOGY

Psychologists study behavior in terms

SOCIOLOGY Vs. PSYCHOLOGY Psychologists study behavior in terms of attributes &

of attributes & processes that exist inside individuals

Sociologists study

behavior in terms of the social conditions and cultural contexts in which people live their lives

Слайд 7 Critical thinking about sports helps us
Identify & understand

Critical thinking about sports helps usIdentify & understand social problems and

social problems and social issues associated with sports
Look beyond

scores to see sports as social phenomena
Make informed choices about sport participation and the place of sports in our lives
Transform sports in progressive ways

Слайд 8 SOCIOLOGY may lead to controversial recommendations
Sociological research may

SOCIOLOGY may lead to controversial recommendationsSociological research may produce findings that

produce findings that suggest changes in the organization of

sports and the organization of social life

Those who benefit from the status quo may be threatened by these research findings

Слайд 9 Why study sports as social phenomena?
Sports activities and

Why study sports as social phenomena?Sports activities and images are part

images are part of people’s lives
Sports are connected with

ideologies in society
i.e., the “viewpoints” that underlie people’s feelings, thoughts, and actions
Sports are connected with major spheres of social life such as:
family, economy, media, politics, education, & religion

Слайд 10 Ideologies
The sets of interrelated ideas that people

Ideologies The sets of interrelated ideas that people use To give

use
To give meaning to the world
To make

sense of the world
To identify what is important, right, and natural in that world


Слайд 11 The characteristics of Ideologies are:
They are never

The characteristics of Ideologies are: They are never established “once and

established “once and for all time”
They emerge as people

struggle over the meaning and organization of social life
They are complex and sometimes inconsistent
They change as power relationships change in society

Слайд 12 “Dominant Ideology”
Represents the perspectives and ideas favored

“Dominant Ideology” Represents the perspectives and ideas favored by people who

by people who have power and influence in society


Dominant

ideologies serve the interests of people with power and influence

Слайд 13 Gender Ideology refers to
A set of interrelated

Gender Ideology refers to A set of interrelated ideas about masculinity,

ideas about masculinity, femininity, and relationships between men and

women

Dominant Gender ldeology consists of prevailing notions of “common sense” about maleness and femaleness in a group or society

Слайд 14 Racial Ideology refers to
A set of interrelated

Racial Ideology refers to A set of interrelated ideas that people

ideas that people use to give meaning to skin

color and to evaluate people in terms of racial classifications

Dominant Racial Ideology consists of prevailing ideas about the meanings of skin color and the characteristics of people classified in various racial categories

Слайд 15 Why study sports as social phenomena?
Sports are connected

Why study sports as social phenomena?Sports are connected with major spheres of social life FamilyEconomyMediaPoliticsEducationReligion

with major spheres of social life
Family
Economy
Media
Politics
Education
Religion


Слайд 16 Major Professional Organizations in the Sociology of Sport

Major Professional Organizations in the Sociology of Sport :The International Sociology

:
The International Sociology of Sport Association (ISSA)
The North American

Society for the Sociology of Sport (NASSS)
The Sport Sociology Academy (SSA) in AAHPERD (American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation & Dance)

Слайд 17 Disagreements in the Sociology of Sport
Scholars in the

Disagreements in the Sociology of SportScholars in the field see themselves

field see themselves as
Sport sociologists concerned with sport

science issues
Sociologists concerned with social and cultural issues
Scholars may see themselves as
professional experts (interested in consulting and the application of knowledge to improve sports)
critical sociologists (interested in social & cultural transformation), or
knowledge builders (interested in using research to accumulate knowledge about social life)

Слайд 18 SPORT Is Defined by Some Scholars As Activities

SPORT Is Defined by Some Scholars As Activities That ArePhysicalCompetitiveInstitutionalizedMotivated by

That Are

Physical
Competitive
Institutionalized
Motivated by a combination of internal &

external rewards

Слайд 19 Institutionalization Occurs When

Rules become standardized
Official agencies enforce

Institutionalization Occurs When Rules become standardizedOfficial agencies enforce rulesOrganizational & technical

rules
Organizational & technical aspects of the activity become important
Learning

game skills becomes formalized

Слайд 20 Play vs. Dramatic Spectacle

Play involves expressive activity

Play vs. Dramatic Spectacle Play involves expressive activity done for its

done for its own sake; it is often spontaneous

and guided by informal, emergent norms

Dramatic Spectacle involves performances to entertain an audience for the purpose of obtaining rewards

Слайд 21 An Alternative Approach to Defining Sports:

Determine what

An Alternative Approach to Defining Sports: Determine what activities are identified

activities are identified as sports in a society

Determine whose

sports count the most when it comes to obtaining support and resources

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