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The perfective Прочитал Сделал Non-perfective Читал Сделал
There are two aspects in the
Russian language which differ both in form and in
meaning:
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As there are no such clear-cut distinctions between
English verbs, many foreign grammarians are of the opinion
that such a category does not exist in the English language. They speak of only tense distinctions and thus find four groups of tenses: Indefinite Continuous, Perfect Perfect continuous
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Russian grammarians recognize the existence of such a
category in the English verb and say that aspect
in English may be expressed in two ways: by lexical and grammatical means.
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By lexical means they understand the lexical character
of the verb. It’s a well-known fact that English
verbs fall under two classes: terminative (those which denote an action implying a certain limit beyond which it cannot go: to come, to stop, to complete, etc.) durative (those which denote an action which does not imply any limit, that is without an end in view: to study, to carry, to keep, etc.)
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On the other hand, our grammarians claim that
aspect distinctions in English may be expressed by means
of grammatical forms.
The most widely spread view on this point is that the category of aspect is expressed through the opposition of continuous/ non-continuous (or common) aspect forms (asks- is asking) in which the Common aspect is the unmarked member, whereas the Continuous aspect is marked, its marker is the combination “be + ing”.