Презентация на тему Plants. Plant Tissue Culture

eukaryotes. They have a cellular cellulose membrane, a spare

nutrient in the form of starch, are sedentary or stationary and grow throughout life. The pigment chlorophyll contained in them gives plants a green color. The light from carbon dioxide and water, they create organic matter and release oxygen, thus providing nutrition and respiration of all living organisms. Plants also have a regenerating ability can restore the vegetative organs.

is usually dissected to the root and escape. Of

the higher plants, the most highly organized, numerous and common are flowering plants. In addition to the root and escape, they have flowers and fruits – organs that are absent from other groups of plants. The structure of plants is convenient to consider on the example of flowering plants. Vegetative organs of plants, root and escape, provide their nutrition, growth and asexual reproduction.

Bud of the plant. When germinating the seed, the

main root is formed from the germ root. After some time, he grow many lateral roots. A number of plants from stems and leaves formed adventitious roots. The totality of all roots is called the root system.

buds, stems and leaves. Along with vegetative, flowering plants

have generative shoots on which flowers develop. Escape is formed from the germ kidney of the seed. The development of shoots of perennial plants from the kidneys clearly seen in the spring

are the leaves and buds. It performs a supporting

function in the plant, ensures the movement of water and minerals from root up to leaves, organics-down, from leaves to root

in that they are totipotent
A totipotent cell is one

that can develop into specialized cell types & regenerate an entire organism
Tissue culture of plants and the regeneration of complete plants from cells has been done since 1930s
This allows large-scale clonal propagation of plants

human growth
Our bodies cannot make vitamin A,
All carotenoids

that contain a β-ring can be converted into retinol, and one of the most important carotenoid pro-vitamins is β-carotene

β-carotene is a pigment required for photosynthesis

- produced in all plant green tissues

A deficiency (VAD), particularly in Asia and Africa
implicated in

up to 2.5 million deaths annually in children under 5

0.5 million children go blind each year
because of VAD

Supplementation programmes have reduced child mortality by up to 50% in target areas

supplementation not universal; expensive; misses remote areas

VAD makes children especially vulnerable to infections

Vitamin A deficiency

VAD is most serious in regions where rice is the staple food ; up to 70% children under 5 affected

potatoes were proposed as delivery vehicles for vaccines
Touted as

a simple method of delivering vaccines especially to developing countries
Studies have shown plant-produced oral vaccines to increase immunity in mice
Potatoes containing Hepatitis B vaccine have been shown to boost immunity in humans

are directly consumed.
Would a dose be? 2 bananas

and a tomato
What if a person eats too many vaccine potatoes?
Also there is concern if the vaccine foods enter the food supply of people who are vaccinated the traditional way

be used to produce proteins currently produced by microbes

or animal cells
The advantage over microbes:
The proteins are more like human proteins
The advantage over animal cells:
Plants cannot become contaminated with mammalian pathogens