Презентация на тему Outlook for E-Waste Solutions: Infrastructure and end-markets for e-scrap in the Northeast

infrastructure through threat of law.
High Cost, misses household

(esp. TVs) entirely.

’97 Massachusetts implements the “commodity” exemption (so long as potentially reused, not yet a waste, ergo not HW), begins pilot collections at Goodwill, Salvation Army, etc.

’98 Massachusetts funds market research and first statewide processing contract before initiating first waste disposal ban

‘99 VT, ME, NH, RI begin to purchase services under MA contract. Number of CRT processors, investments, increase 5X. Volumes increase, competition increases, prices fall.

‘01 California implements disposal ban. BAN releases “Exporting Harm”. EPA proposes “commodity exemption” for raw material as well as reuse/repair. Prices between vendors vary from $0 to $0.45 / lb.

1994-2004

Rising

Disposal and mining
vs
Reuse and recycling
China’s copper demand
has compounded at

20%
per year for the past 4 years.

per year
Chinese demand: 50M monitors per year
India

demand: 50M monitors per year
% Made in Asia rising every year

USA secondary (used) market is 1:3.
Asia is 3:1.

driven by electrics metal mining.
One Copper mine in Papua

New Guinea (feeding China) dumped 80,000 Tons Per Day of Cyanide tailings into the OK Tedi River from 1990-2000

USGS – At 1990 rate of consumption, all known copper reserves will be exhausted this century: Ocean mining will be the primary source of copper in our lifetimes.

USA Model? 95% from federal lands, $5/acre, 14/15 largest Superfund sites

Hard rock mining produces 45% of all toxics produced by all USA industries.

E-Scrap is 300% richer in copper and other metals than mined ore

Recycling produces a fraction of the pollution from mining.

Gold mining releases more mercury than mercury mining and disposal combined!!!

mining
1. Electric and electronic appliances “made in China”
2. Chinese

“New Deal” scale infrastructure development
Asia #1 in per capita consumption of gold & platinum
(the only materials which the West does not consume most of)

Mining nightmares in Borneo, Chile, Congo, Philippines, Turkey, etc.

5% material = 50% of income
- e.g. 17” monitor

tested working, $30

2) Can it be repaired? 15% material = 30% of income
- e.g. white box PCs, repairable monitors, $5 each

Can it be recycled? 75% of material = 20% of income
- gold, copper, aluminum, steel, plastic, pennies per pound

Disposed (incl. contaminants)? 5% material = LOSS
- Wood debris, cable casings

All Income combined = 1/3 of collection and operating cost

$$$?

$?

$ ?

?

of materials at Good Point Recycling: 2.5M lbs since

2001

internet parts exchange services (tradeloop.com, pricewatch.com, etc.)
http://www10.tradeloop.com/tlTF2/pgSummary.cfm

Contact with over

200 international repair shops via exporters.com.sg, alibaba.com, globalrecycle.net, recycle.net, etc. http://www.exporters.com.sg/members/myshowroom/

Sales of parts and refurbishment on ebay.com
www.ebay.com

Scrap copper, alum, plastic sold directly to end users
www.globalrecycle.net

The internet has completely changed the secondary parts and scrap market during the past 8 years, lowering the barrier to entry into technical and export markets.

currently (1000 monitors)
USA costs with 1900 copper prices
USA costs

with Chinese labor rates

1000 monitors
Most demand
for used is overseas

1000 monitors
If copper and lead returned
to 1900 prices, and

monitors were
repaired at 75% rate

Countries with high reuse and no mining subsidies have the advantage in scrap sales. Countries with high reuse and “free” software have the advantage in reuse.

monitors
No mining subsidies, and 10%
technical and handling labor cost
Countries

with high reuse, no mining subsidies, and low wages are the winners

USA exports everything, we send 1/3 reusables, 1/3

recyclables, and 1/3 Toxics Along for the Ride.

REALITY: if USA exports nothing, we destroy reuseables (and they can’t afford new); they mine to replace the recycled metals, and mining produces even more toxic harm than recycling.

SOLUTION: Setting a Higher Standard. USA processing, limited exports (tested equipment, copper scrap), simple tests (like CRT Glass Test); market development to promote best practices; (funded) state processing contracts with restrictions and incentives; etc.

equipment
- you can deal with anyone directly

2) Picked over

Junk, Obsolete and burnt
- you should insist on domestic processing

3) “I dunno”…Mix of good, bad and ugly
- you should deal with USA company with capacity to separate, process and market, and get documentation

(Reuse material)
Highly Sorted Working and repairable monitors, P2s+, cords,

peripherals, cartridges
positive revenue
dollars per item (not pennies per pound)
high overseas demand, with incentives to hide it from tariff collectors and anti-gray-market enforcers

Working monitors
No screen damage
No VGA
No Apple
Make, Model, COM,
Year, other tech details

material, TVs, obsolete equipment, residue, shredded or baled material.
Damaged

CRTs
Pennies per pound
Overseas demand based on copper, gold and aluminum content

make sure the company you select has capacity to

handle either type of E-Scrap.

Working monitors

“Crapple”

“We’re switching to flat screens”

One fellow insisted his 1990 public school
Stuff “works as good as when it was new”.

Another commercial client insisted that working monitors, replaced by flat screens,
should be recycled/destroyed here in the USA.

records
Sample manifests (declared reuse items)
Employees or capital investment per

ton

recyclers must be able to show where the LEAD

(non-repairable glass) goes.

Nasty recycling (and nastier mining) practices. We do all

Printed Circuit Boards domestically.

Q: Will this lead to more mining?
A: Gold mining is maxed out already

Reuters: chinese miner

BAN: chinese circuit board / gold recycler

of lading shows make/model/voltage/COO/condition.

the company
handle last year?
How many employees per ton?
If

fewer employees, how
much automated processing
equipment is in place?

?