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Animal Groups
There are more than a
million types of animals. To make them easier to
study they are divided into groups.
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1 000 000
types of animals.
There are
Animals can be
divided into groups.
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Birds
Reptiles
Amphibians
Mammals
Insects
fishes
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2
3
4
5
6
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Animals can be divided into 6 groups.
Birds
- птицы
Reptiles - рептилии
Amphibians - земноводные
Mammals - млекопитающие
Insects
- насекомые
Fishes - рыбы
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Birds
Birds live all over the world.
Birds
are animals with feathers and wings.
Some birds
fly long distances to find food and places to nest.
1
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Birds live all over the world.
Birds have feathers
and wings.
по всему миру
перья и крылья
Birds build nests
and lay eggs.
строят гнёзда и откладывают яйца
Baby birds hatch out of eggs.
вылупляются
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Most birds lay their eggs in
nests. Baby birds hatch out of hard-shelled eggs. They
sit on the eggs to keep them warm until they hatch out.
At first chicks have no feathers and can not fly. The parent birds bring their food for their chicks and feed them.
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Birds’ jobs
Birds use their beaks, wings
and claws to do different jobs:
- to
fly long distances they use their wings;
- to build a nest they use their beak and claws;
- to feed their chicks they use their beak;
- to clean their feathers they use their beak;
- to fight off their enemies they use their beak and claws.
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So different beaks
Birds use
their beaks for all kinds of jobs. They use
them for feeding, cleaning their feathers, making nests and fighting off enemies.
Eagle’s beak is very sharp. Eagles grab their prey and tear it into pieces.
Pelicans have large punch-like beak for scooping up and storing fish .
Parrots use their short, hooked beak to grasp and tear up fruit, seeds and nuts.
Toucan beaks are useful for reaching fruit that are hidden among leaves.
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The smallest bird
Ostrich is the biggest bird in
the world. Ostriches can not fly but they can
run very fast.
The smallest birds are tiny hummingbirds which are brilliant fliers.
The biggest bird
Ostrich eggs weigh more than 1,5 kg,
Hummingbird egg is just 1 cm long.
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We are owls. We are night hunters. We
can fly silently all through the night. All night
we hunt
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Owls are excellent night hunters.
Owls can fly silently
all night long.
отличные ночные охотники
летать бесшумно
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Answer the questions:
Are birds animals with feathers and
wings?
Can some birds fly long distances?
What jobs do the
birds usually do?
How and what for do parrots use their beaks?
(grasp and tear up fruit sees and nuts)
5. How and what for do eagles use their beaks?
(grab their prey and tear it into pieces)
6. How and what for do toucans use their beaks?
(reach fruit that grows between leaves)
7. What name is the biggest bird in the world?
8. What name is the smallest bird in the world?
9.Are owls night hunters?
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Reptiles with dry scaly skin. They mainly
live on land.
Reptiles can be tiny lizards
or enormous snakes many meters long.
Most baby reptiles hatch out of eggs, though some reptiles give birth to live young.
Today there are about 6 500 types of reptiles.
Reptiles
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Reptiles groups:
lizards
turtles
crocodiles
snakes
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Record-breaking reptiles
The Komodo dragon (above) is the
largest, heaviest lizard.
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Meat-eaters
Crocodiles and
alligators are fierce hunters. They hide underwater, then grab
their prey with their sharp, pointed teeth. They eat fish, turtles, birds and mammals.
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The world’s biggest reptile is the massive saltwater
crocodile. It can grow to 10 m long and
is extremely dangerous.
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Long lives
Some reptiles live for longer than
most other animals. Tortoises can live for more than
100 years.
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Color change
Many reptiles have green
or brown skins to help them hide in the
trees or on the ground.
Chameleons can
even change
colour, making them
very difficult
to see.
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Look! You can see the reticulated
python in this picture. It eats antelope. The reticulated
python can grow to 10 m long. It is the longest snake in the world.
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Answer the questions:
What group reptiles do you know?
What
skin do reptiles have?
Do most reptiles lay eggs?
Is Komodo
dragon the largest and heaviest lizard ?
5. Are the crocodiles and alligators meateaters?
6. Who had the longest life on the Earth?
7. What animal can change the colour of its skin?
8. What name is the longest snake in the world?
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Amphibians
3
Amphibians are animals that live both in
water and on land.
They have damp slimy
skin and lay jelly-like eggs.
They all have to be in water to lay their eggs.
Look! Baby frogs go through amazing changes before they become adults.
Tadpole is another name for a baby frog.
Frogs usually have smooth skin and long legs for
leaping.
Most toads have bumpy skin and shorter legs for crawling.
frogs
toads
Eating habits
Frogs and toads catch flying insects. They use their long sticky tongues to eat them. They also eat worms, slugs and snails – which they usually hunt at night.
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Expert long-jumpers
Frogs are expert long-jumpers. The
champion is the African sharp-nosed frog, which can leap
more than 5 m in a single hop. How far can you jump?
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Other amphibians
caecilians
This strange creature looks like a worm, but it
is an amphibian. They use their head to dig in the mud and find worms and insects to eat.
Newts and salamanders look like lizards. They have long bodies, long tails, short legs. Some of them live on water, others live on land. Some of them have brightly coloured skin shows that they are poisonous.
salamanders
newts
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Answer the questions:
Do amphibians live both in water
or on land?
How many legs do frogs and toads
have?
Do toads and frogs lay eggs?
What is another name for a baby frog ?
5. What is the difference between a frog and a toad?
6. Who is an expert long-jumper?
7. What are eating habits of frogs and toads?
8. What other amphibians do you know?
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Mammals are animals that give birth to
live babies and feed them on milk.
Most mammals
have fur or hair on their bodies.
Elephants, bats, tigers, whales, wolves and humans are all mammals.
Mammals
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Mammal babies
Most mammals, such as monkeys,
cats and dogs give birth to live babies, which
look like their parents. The babies grow inside their mother’s body until they are born.
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Mammals with pouches
Some mammals, such as
kangaroos and koalas have pouches on their tummies. Tiny
baby kangaroos crawl into their mum’s pouch to feed on milk and grow.
Even when older, a joey (young kengaroo) may jump into mum’s pouch for safety.
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Dolphins are sea mammals.
Dolphins are
very clever animals. They communicate with each other by
sonar system. They live in large groups. They have strong feelings and great memories.
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Sea mammals
beluga whale
blue whale
Black sea dolphin
Afalina
Whales, seals
and dolphins are mammals that live in the sea.
They have sleek bodies for swimming and flippers instead of arms and legs.
baby seal
They come to the surface to breath the air with their lungs.
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The largest animal on our planet
is a blue whale. Look! This is a blue
whale tail. Blue whales grow to 30 m long and weigh 180 tons.
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Some animals sleep all through winter,
when it is cold and there is not much
to eat. This is hibernation. When spring comes, they wake up to search for food.
A bear, a mouse, a hamster, a hedgehog, a frog.
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Unusual mammals
platypus
echidna
anteater
sloth
Meet these unusual animals. Platypuses,
echidnas and anteaters lay eggs to give birth to
their babies.
Anteaters lay their eggs in a tiny pouch on their tummies. Platypuses lay their eggs in a riverbank nest.
Sloths are animals that moves very slowly. They have very slow-acting stomach. Digestive process can take a moth or more to complete.
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Flying mammals
Bats swoop through the air, looking
for insects and fruit to eat. A bat’s wings
are made from leathery skin stretched across its long fingers.
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Primates
monkey
lemur
chimpanzee
Orangutan
gorilla
Mammals such as monkeys, apes and
human beings are called primates. There are a lot
of different types of monkeys, but only type of apes are chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans and gibbons.
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5
Insects
Insects and spiders live all over
the world. There are more than a million types
of insects – more than all other animals types put together.
An insect has 6 legs.
Its body is divided into 3 parts, called the head, thorax (грудной отдел), the abdomen (брюшной отдел).
Many insects have wings.
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head
thorax
abdomen
wing
one of 6 legs
Stag beetle
An
insect has 6 legs.
Its body is divided
into 3 parts, called the head, thorax (грудной отдел), the abdomen (брюшной отдел).
Many insects have wings.
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Types of insects
ladybird
moth
grasshopper
fly
ants
Most
insects are small, but they came in a wade
range of shapes and colours.
Moths, flies, ants, grasshoppers, ladybirds and bees are all types of insects.
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Insects workers
Hundreds of honey bees live
in a home called a hive. Some of bees
are the «workers». They collect sweet nectar from flowers for making honey.
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European swallowtail butterfly
The eyed-shaped markings on this
butterfly’s wings scare off hungry predators.
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Spider features
A spider has 8
legs instead of 6. Its body is divided into
two parts. A spider’s head and thorax are joined together.
Many spiders spin webs from silk and use to catch their prey . Any insect that flies into the web gets caught in web.
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Minibeasts
earthworm
snail
slug
centipede
woodlice
These creepy-crawlies look like insects, but
they are not. Can you see why? Do they
have 6 legs, three parts to their bodies, or wings?
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6
fishes
Fish are animals that live in
water and breath through gills.
Fish use
their fins to swim.
Fish live in the sea and in lakes, rivers, and ponds.
Most fish lays lots of jelly-like eggs (roe), which baby fish hatch out off.
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smooth body for moving through water
scaly
skin
gills
eye
back fin
tail fin
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A shark’s sharp teeth can be longer than
your fingers.
Shark have skeleton made from tough, bendy cartilage,
not bone. It is like a stuff you have in the tip of your nose.
Sharks are the fiercest ocean hunters, but very few sharks will attack and eat people.
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Different size different colours
This fish look like a
ball. It is poisonous creature.
This fish look like a
clown. It lives in the Red Sea.
Flatfish usually stay on the sea bed. They lie there hiding from enemies
Seahorse fish are good fathers. They keep eggs in their tummies.