Презентация на тему Past perfect simple

perfect simple
When we are talking about the past and

want to mention something that happened earlier
His father was a composer and his grandfather had also been a musician.
With words like when, as soon as, by the time, after to show the order of events
When Mozart was bor, five of his siblings had already died.
To talk about an indefinite time before a particular point in the past, often with words like always, sometimes, never, before, by + fixed time
By the time he was six, the little boy had written a composition of his own.

perfect continuous
To focus on how long an activity continued

or to focus on the activity itself
Times were hard and the family had been struggling for some time. (to show how long)
Mozart’s sister was extremely gifted at the keyboard and she had been makind excellent progress. (focus on the activity)

plans or definite arrangements for the future. Time expressions

are used or understood from the context in order to show that we are talking about the future
We’re staying in a small hotel.
We’re playing four matches there.

usually based on our opinions or our past experience
I

think it’ll be extremely hot there.
To talk about future events we haven’t arranged yet
We’ll probably stay in some sort of mountain lodge there.
To talk about future events or facts that are not personal
The best player on the tour will get a special trophy.
To talk about something we decide to do at the time of speaking
Tell me about it and I’ll pass on the information to the rest of the team.

the future we have already thought about and intend

to do
We’re going to hire a bus.
To make predictions when there is present evidence
Well, we’re certainly going to have a varied trip
Going to and will can follow words like think, doubt, expect, believe, probably, certainly, definitely, be sure to show that it is an opinion about the future
I think it’s going to be a great trip.
It’ll probably rain every day.

a party when we get back. (definite arrangement)



We’re going

to hire a bus and then drive through the mountains. (less definite arrangement – we haven’t booked the bus yet)

(prediction based on my guess)



We’re going to have a

very varied trip! (prediction based on what I know about the weather)

meaning to talk about timetables or schedules
The train to

the airport leaves in 20 minutes.

We use Shall I/Shall we for offers or suggestions in the question form
Shall I phone him?
We use be about to to talk about something likely to happen in the immediate future
I’m about to go to Rome for a conference. (I will be leaving very soon)

predict events or situations continuing at a particular point

in the future or over a period of time in the future
I’ll be working on the report all next week.
To talk about events that are planned or already decided (this use is similar to the present continuous for future arrangements)
I’ll be seeing Sarah at lunch.

to talk about a future event that will finish

before a specified time in the future, often with before, by + fixed time, or in + amount of time
By the end of the year I will have given the same talk at 6 conferences.