Huntington, Long Island, New York
Second child (of 8) born
to Walter and Louisa Van Velsor Whitman.Works as printer’s apprentice (to 1835) and as a schoolteacher.
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Презентация на тему по английскому языку Walt Whitman
Содержание
- 2. Birth and Early CareerBorn 31 May 1819
- 3. The Journalist, 1844Worked for several different newspapersWrote
- 4. The Brooklyn Eagle1846-1848. Becomes chief editor of
- 5. “Pulp Fiction”Franklin Evans, 1842Temperance novelSold 20,000 copies,more than any otherwork Whitman publishedin his lifetime
- 6. New OrleansLives in New Orleans for 4
- 7. Influences: Literature and MusicItalian opera: “Were it
- 8. Emerson Emerson helped Whitman to “find himself”: “I was simmering, simmering; Emerson brought me to a boil.”
- 9. Literary Acquaintances Edgar Allan Poe William Cullen
- 10. Whitman and PhrenologyJuly 16, 1849: A phrenological
- 11. Whitman in 1854His friend Dr. Maurice Bucke
- 12. Leaves of Grass, 1855Twelve poems, including “Song
- 13. Leaves of Grass, 1855Walt Whitman, an American,
- 14. Whitman’s ThemesTranscendent power of love, brotherhood, and
- 15. Whitman’s Poetic TechniquesFree verse: lack of metrical
- 16. From “Song of Myself”Where the heifers browse,
- 17. Whitman’s Use of Language Idiosyncratic spelling and
- 18. Reviews: PraiseRalph Waldo Emerson, letter to Whitman,
- 19. Reviews: PraiseI am not unaware that the
- 20. Reviews and Protests“Foul work" filled with"libidinousness" (The
- 21. Early Editions of Leaves of Grass1855 Self-published
- 22. Leaves of Grass, 1856Whitman has Emerson’s praise
- 23. Leaves of Grass, 1860146 new poems added
- 24. Civil WarAfter his brother is wounded at
- 25. One Wounded Soldier’s View“Every Sunday there were
- 26. Whitman and LincolnWhitman saw Lincoln often, but
- 27. Walt Whitman, Civil Servant1862, Clerk at the
- 28. The Good Gray PoetMay 1865. Whitman’s friend
- 29. Later Editions of Leaves of Grass1872 Includes
- 30. Leaves of Grass, 1872Includes Drum-Taps and Sequel to Drum-TapsIncludes an “annex,” A Passage to India
- 31. Specimen Days and Collect, 1882Autobiographical work with
- 32. 328 Mickle Street, CamdenIn 1884, Whitman purchases
- 33. Leaves of Grass, 1889 and 18911891 edition
- 34. The Poet at HomeWhitman would allow no
- 35. Скачать презентацию
- 36. Похожие презентации
Birth and Early CareerBorn 31 May 1819 near Huntington, Long Island, New YorkSecond child (of 8) born to Walter and Louisa Van Velsor Whitman.Works as printer’s apprentice (to 1835) and as a schoolteacher.
Слайд 2
Birth and Early Career
Born 31 May 1819 near
Huntington, Long Island, New York
to Walter and Louisa Van Velsor Whitman.Works as printer’s apprentice (to 1835) and as a schoolteacher.
Слайд 3
The Journalist, 1844
Worked for several different newspapers
Wrote short
fiction from 1841-1848
Themes and techniques borrowed from Poe and
Hawthorne
Слайд 4
The Brooklyn Eagle
1846-1848. Becomes chief editor of the
Brooklyn Eagle, a post he holds from from March
5, 1846 to January 18, 1848.In May 1848, Whitman is fired because his politics conflict with those of the publisher. A “free soil” or “locofoco”Democrat, Whitman opposes the expansion of slavery into new territories.
Слайд 5
“Pulp Fiction”
Franklin Evans, 1842
Temperance novel
Sold 20,000 copies,
more than
any other
work Whitman published
in his lifetime
Слайд 6
New Orleans
Lives in New Orleans for 4 months
as editor of the Daily Crescent.
Sees slavery and slave-markets
at first handExperiences with nature (“live oaks, with moss”) and with French language later appear in his poetry.
Слайд 7
Influences: Literature and Music
Italian opera: “Were it not
for the opera, I could never have written Leaves
of Grass.”Shakespeare, especially Richard III. Whitman saw Junius Brutus Booth (father of John Wilkes Booth) perform.
The Bible
Thomas Carlyle’s Sartor Resartus
Слайд 8
Emerson
Emerson helped Whitman to “find himself”: “I was
simmering, simmering; Emerson brought me to a boil.”
Слайд 9
Literary Acquaintances
Edgar Allan Poe
William Cullen Bryant
Amos
Bronson Alcott
Henry David Thoreau
Friends at Pfaff’s Restaurant (“Bohemians”)(1859-1862)
Elihu Vedder,
E.C. Stedman, Ada Clare, Henry Clapp
Слайд 10
Whitman and Phrenology
July 16, 1849: A phrenological examination
confirms Whitman’s sense of his own character, revealing bumps
of “Sympathy, Sublimity, and Self-Esteem” along with the “dangerous fault of Indolence”
Слайд 11
Whitman in 1854
His friend Dr. Maurice Bucke called
this “the Christ likeness” in which the poet as
seer begins to emerge.In Leaves of Grass, Whitman would write, “I am the man, I suffer’d, I was there.”
Слайд 12
Leaves of Grass, 1855
Twelve poems, including
“Song of
Myself”
“I Sing the Body Electric”
“The Sleepers”
Only 795 copies
printedFamily tradition says that Whitman set some of the type for this edition.
Слайд 13
Leaves of Grass, 1855
Walt Whitman, an American, one
of the roughs, a kosmos,
Disorderly fleshy and sensual
. . . . eating drinking and breeding, No sentimentalist . . . . no stander above men and women or apart from them . . . . no more modest than immodest.
Whoever degrades another degrades me . . . . and whatever is done or said returns at last to me,
And whatever I do or say I also return.
Слайд 14
Whitman’s Themes
Transcendent power of love, brotherhood, and comradeship
Imaginative
projection into others’ lives
Optimistic faith in democracy and equality
Belief
in regenerative and illustrative powers of nature and its value as a teacherEquivalence of body and soul and the unabashed exaltation of the body and sexuality
Слайд 15
Whitman’s Poetic Techniques
Free verse: lack of metrical regularity
and conventional rhyme
Use of repeated images, symbols, phrases,
and grammatical unitsUse of enumerations and catalogs
Use of anaphora (initial repetition) in lines and “Epanaphora” (each line hangs by a loop from the line before it)
The Whitman “envelope”
Contrast and parallelism in paired lines
Слайд 16
From “Song of Myself”
Where the heifers browse, and
the geese nip their food with short jerks;
Where the sundown shadows lengthen over the limitless and lonesome prairie,
Where the herds of buffalo make a crawling spread of the square miles far and near;
Where the hummingbird shimmers . . . . where the neck of the longlived swan is curving and winding
Where the laughing-gull scoots by the slappy shore and laughs her near-human laugh . . .
Слайд 17
Whitman’s Use of Language
Idiosyncratic spelling and punctuation.
Words used for their sounds as much as their
sense; foreign languagesUse of language from several disciplines
The sciences: anatomy, astronomy, botany (especially the flora and fauna of America)
Businesses and professions, such as carpentry
Military and war terms; nautical terms
Слайд 18
Reviews: Praise
Ralph Waldo Emerson, letter to Whitman, 21
July 1855:
“I find [Leaves of Grass] the most
extraordinary piece of wit & wisdom that America has yet contributed. . . . I greet you at the beginning of a great career, which yet must have had a long foreground somewhere, for such a start.”
Слайд 19
Reviews: Praise
I am not unaware that the charge
of coarseness and sensuality has been affixed to them.
My moral constitution may be hopelessly tainted or - too sound to be tainted, as the critic wills, but I confess that I extract no poison from these Leaves - to me they have brought only healing. --Fanny Fern, critic and popular essayist
Слайд 20
Reviews and Protests
“Foul work" filled with"libidinousness" (The Christian
Examiner)
There are too many persons, who imagine they demonstrate
their superiority to their fellows, by disregarding all the politenesses and decencies of life, and, therefore,justify themselves in indulging the vilest imaginings and shamefullest license. (Rufus Griswold, The Criterion)
Слайд 21
Early Editions of Leaves of Grass
1855 Self-published the
first edition
1856 Added new poems and revised old ones.
1860
Began grouping poems thematically; includes “A Child’s Reminiscence,” which will become “Out of the Cradle, Endlessly Rocking”1867 Incorporates Drum-Taps (1865), including “When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d” and “O Captain, My Captain”
Слайд 22
Leaves of Grass, 1856
Whitman has Emerson’s praise printed
on the spine in gold letters: “I greet you
at the beginning of a great career.”“I do not believe that all the sermons, so-called, that have been preached in this land put together are equal to it for preaching." Henry David Thoreau
Слайд 23
Leaves of Grass, 1860
146 new poems added to
the 32 poems of the second edition, including “I
hear America singing”Enfans d’Adam section, 15 poems on “amativeness” or love for women, and Calamus, 32 poems on “adhesiveness” or love between men
Слайд 24
Civil War
After his brother is wounded at Fredericksburg
(1862), Whitman goes to Washington to care for him
and stays for nearly 3 years, visiting the wounded, writing letters, and keeping up their spirits.
Слайд 25
One Wounded Soldier’s View
“Every Sunday there were half
a dozen old roosters who would come into my
ward and preach and pray and sing to us, while we were swearing to ourselves all the time, and wishing the blamed old fools would go away. Walt Whitman’s funny stories, and his pipes and tobaccos, were worth more than all the preachers and tracts in Christendom.”
Слайд 26
Whitman and Lincoln
Whitman saw Lincoln often, but the
two never met face to face.
“When lilacs last in
the dooryard bloom’d”“O Captain, My Captain”
Слайд 27
Walt Whitman, Civil Servant
1862, Clerk at the Paymaster’s
Office
1865. 1 January. Becomes a clerk at the Bureau
of Indian Affairs, a post he enjoys.Fired in May because Secretary of the Interior James Harlan sees Leaves of Grass in Whitman’s desk drawer and denounces it as immoral.
Слайд 28
The Good Gray Poet
May 1865. Whitman’s friend William
Douglas O’Connor secures him a job at the Attorney
General’s office, a post he holds until he leaves after he suffers a stroke in 1873.O’Connor publishes The Good Gray Poet: A Vindication (1866), the beginning of a shift in Whitman’s public persona and popularity.
Слайд 29
Later Editions of Leaves of Grass
1872 Includes 120-page
“annex,” A Passage to India
1881-1882 The firm of James
R. Osgood discontinues publishing Leaves of Grass after it is banned in Boston; Whitman takes the copies and binds and sells them himself. 1888-1889 Leaves of Grass (Birthday Edition) is the first pocket-sized version.
1891-92 “Deathbed Edition”
Слайд 30
Leaves of Grass, 1872
Includes Drum-Taps and Sequel to
Drum-Taps
Includes an “annex,” A Passage to India
Слайд 31
Specimen Days and Collect, 1882
Autobiographical work with focus
on the Civil War and Whitman’s trip west to
Kansas and ColoradoCounterpart to the 1881-1882 edition of Leaves of Grass
Begun much earlier as Memoranda During the War and partly inspired by Louisa May Alcott’s Hospital Sketches
Слайд 32
328 Mickle Street, Camden
In 1884, Whitman purchases a
house at 328 Mickle Street, Camden, New Jersey, for
$1750.It is the first house he has ever owned.
Слайд 33
Leaves of Grass, 1889 and 1891
1891 edition includes
Good-Bye, My Fancy
These editions mix autobiographical prose reminiscences with
poetry.
Слайд 34
The Poet at Home
Whitman would allow no one
to pick up his papers, saying that whatever he
wanted surfaced sooner or later.Whitman died on 26 March 1892 at about 6:30 p.m. and is buried in the tomb that he had designed.
