Презентация на тему Comparative analysis and matching of the English, German and Russian idioms with an animal component

formation in three languages for a better understanding of

nations and worldview of people. It is the key to successful intercultural communication.

Object of research is zoonyms characterizing the world of a person. Zoonyms are phraseological units having words, which call animals.

The problem is that ignorance of knowledge of semantics, structure and cultural identity of phraseology leads to incorrect intercultural communication. It is a barrier to intercourse with native speakers.

Hypothesis is that semantics, structure and cultural identity of phraseology defines universal human qualities in Russian, German and English.

monkey – a nimble man; an elephant; a fox

his

mental abilities
As stupid as a donkey

call actions, behavior or character traits of animals

Hares may pull dead lions by the

beard

German Bärenreißer

the coat of arms of Berlin
from 1338

the British Lion

of animals
138 German zoonyms -
18 component names

of animals

159 Russian zoonyms -

46 component names of animals

be our day).
Lucky dog! (Lucky you!)
A clever

dog (a smart, clever fellow).

German
Alter Hund macht gute Jagd - Cтарый конь борозды не испортит. - Old dog makes a good hunting; An old ox makes a straight furrow 

Russian
собачий нюх
собачье чутьё
Стар пес, да верно служит
Собака – друг человека

off a chain.
(It is implied, as the dog

usually sits on the chain).

Russian: как собак нерезаных
как собака голоден (a hungry human condition is compared with the ever-hungry stray dogs).

Russian: как собака на сене
English: like a dog in the manger
German: der Löwenteil, weißer Rabe
(It is the association with an extremely greedy person).

sleeping dog lie


Russian: Собачья жизнь
English: dog's life;
German: wie

ein Hund leben;

Russian: жить как кошка с собакой
English: live like cat and dog
German: leben wie Hund und Katze

in three languages;
14% of idioms are used exclusively

in one of the languages;
12% are both similar and opposite zoonyms;
27% are semantically adequate phraseological units;
11% of zoonyms differ in structural and semantic model.

Conclusion

in three languages
Russian: Не бойся собаки брехливой, бойся молчаливой.

English: Beware of a silent dog and still water.

German: Hunde, die (viel) bellen, beiβen nicht.

shoot the sitting pheasant (means «to take advantage of

someone's helpless position“)
silver pheasant («an attractive young aristocrat“)

German: einen Bär anbinden (is translated “connect bear” and means «contract debts“)

14% of idioms are used exclusively in one of the languages

stupid as an owl
Russian: мудрая сова - a

wise owl.

Russian: - хитрый как лиса
English: as cunning as a fox

Russian: голодный как волк
English: as hungry as a wolf

Russian: тихий как мышь
English: as quiet as a mouse

рыба
English: to swim like a duck
German:
Russian: убить двух

зайцев одним выстрелом
English: to kill two birds with one stone
German:

Russian: кот наплакал
German: das trägt eine Maus auf dem Schwanz fort

Russian: – как волка ни корми, он всё в лес смотрит.
German: die Katze läßt das Mausen nicht