подлежащее.
Australia was discovered by Captain Cook.
То, что в действительном
залоге было дополнением, в страдательном становится подлежащим.
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To give , to send, to tell, to pay, to promise, to offer, to leave, to show
The teacher gave him a book. –
The book was given to him.
He was given a book.
The teacher asked him a question.-
He was asked a question. (Ему задали вопрос).
Конструкция : Вопрос был задан ему.-
невозможна в английском языке.
To buy, to explain, to mention, to deliver, to sell, to recommend, to introduce, to sing, to repeat, to write,
to describe, to dictate, to read, to declare.
They sold the house to John.- The house was sold to John.