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THE PROGRAMME
M. V. Lomonosov’s biography.
(Rapasova Kristina. Form 7)
Lomonosov – the first historian
of the Russian people.
(Briginets Sofia. Form 8a)
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Lomonosov and the art.
(Dyadkina Elena. Form 8B)
Lomonosov and Russian language.
(Rodchenkova
Anna. Form 8A)
Lomonosov’s wishes to
descendants.
(Nekipelova Yanita. Form 7)
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LOMONOSOV'S
BIOGRAPHY
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Mikhail Vasilievich Lomonosov
M. V. Lomonosov, is
known as the father of Russian science, an outstanding
poet, founder of Russian literature and creator of the Russian language.
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Lomonosov was born on the 19th
of November, 1711 in a fisherman’s family, near Kholmogory
in the village of Denisovka (later renamed Lomonosovo in his honor) in the Arkhangelsk Governorate.
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Learning was young Lomonosov's passion. At
an early age Mikhail learned to read and write
through church books. When he was fourteen, Lomonosov was given copies of Meletius SmotrytskySmotrytsky’s “ Modern Church Slavonic” (a grammar book) and Leonty Magnitsky’s “Arthimetic.”
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When he was 19, Lomonosov went
on foot to Moscow where he entered the Slavic
Greek Latin Academy. The Academy was closed to peasants and Lomonosov had to hide his peasant origin. He pretended to be of noble birth.
Kholmogory
Moscow
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Here he studied Latin and mastered
it in a short period of time. At that
time he was hard up, for his only income was a stipend of three kopecks a day but he made rapid progress scholastically. He completed a twelve-year study course in only five years, graduating at the top of his class.
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He was a brilliant pupil and
in 1736 he was sent abroad at the University
of Marburg He was a brilliant pupil and in 1736 he was sent abroad at the University of Marburg. While abroad Lomonosov studied philosophy, physics, mathematics and foreign languages and even began writing poetry. He also developed an interest in German literature.
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He was a brilliant pupil and
in 1736 he was sent abroad at the University
of Marburg He was a brilliant pupil and in 1736 he was sent abroad at the University of Marburg. While abroad Lomonosov studied philosophy, physics, mathematics and foreign languages and even began writing poetry. He also developed an interest in German literature.
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Lomonosov strove to upgrade the quality
of Russian science and education. He founded Moscow State
University in 1755. This university, officially named after Lomonosov, is at the apex of the Russian system of higher education.
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Pushkin said about Lomonosov :
« Lomonosov was
a great man…. He founded the first Russian university: or to express it more correctly he himself was our first university».
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M.V.Lomonosov made many important discoveries in
different fields of science: physics, chemistry, astronomy. The last
period of Lomonosov’s activity was connected with his scientific investigation in navigation. He tried to find a short sea route from the West to the East through the Arctic Ocean. In this field as well he was ahead of his age.
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His literary works remain one of
the most significant pages of Russian literature in the
18 th century. He wrote verses, odes and poems. He also laid the basis for the scientific study of the Russian language, he wrote the first Russian grammar.
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Russian critic Belinsky Russian critic Belinsky
wrote of Lomonosov: «Our literature begins with Lomonosov; he
was its father and mother, he was its Peter the Great ».
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At the end of his life
in 1764 Lomonosov was elected honorary member of the
Stockholm and Bologna Academies.
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In 1765 Lomonosov caught a cold
and died on the 15th of April, 1765 at
age 54. He is buried in the cemetery of Alexander Nevsky Monastery in St. Petersburg .
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Lomonosov is widely known and honoured
in our country. He occupies a central place in
the history of Russian science. The Russian Academy of Sciences awards Lomonosov honorary medals in scientific achievement - one to a Russian and one to a foreign scientist.
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Lomonosov is memorialized in many place
names - Moscow University was named after its founder
and monuments to him have been erected in Moscow, St Petersburg , Arkhangelsk , Severodvinsk , the village of Lomonosovo and Koryazhma.
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In 1957 the name of Lomonosov
was given to the Arkhangelsk State Pedagogical Institute, now
the Pomor State University named after M. V. Lomonosov.
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The theatre, the town library and an
avenue in Arkhangelsk bear Lomonosov’s name.
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His name is also found on
the map of the world: a stream in the
Atlantic Ocean, mountain ranges of Novaya Zemlya and Spitsbergen, a plateau in Greenland, an underwater mountain in the Arctic Ocean and even a crater on the Moon were named after the great scientist. They commemorate his achievements in Geography , Oceanography and mapping.
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Every year scientific Lomonosov Readings are
held in Arkhangelsk. Scholars from the best-known research centers
of the country come to take part in them.
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Lomonosov – the first
historian of the
Russian people
.
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We shall never be able to tell exactly
what made the great scientist get interested in the
history of Russia and its peoples from ages ago. We can only suppose… This interest must have came to him in his young years.
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His first acquaintance with “the gates of knowledge”,
historic books, which were a mixture of the biblical
“history” with the real one, could have occurred at the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy in Moscow.
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Lomonosov’s interest in history deepened when
in March 1748 the Historical Assembly was opened at
the Academy. Being appointed to the department, Lomonosov soon played a leading role in it: reviewed the works, took part in discussions and expressed his competent opinion.
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One should be astonished by the far-sightedness of
the great Russian thinker.
It seems he lived only
recently.
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His thoughts seem to be in
tune with problems of today! This is the power
of a genius ,having the deep patriotism and love for his homeland.
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Lomonosov
and the art
Lomonosov possessed not only
academic and professional painting skills, but we must know he also had an absolute feeling to colour and paints.
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The active love to his people, hot patriotism
made Lomonosov to carry out more than four thousand
experiments to create the monumental mosaics “ For preservation of the heroic glorious deeds that debt to the Motherland ordered to represent”.
Lomonosov is a unique example of the depth of scientific and art enlightenment.
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Lomonosov and
Russian language
M.V. Lomonosov is a founder of a
science about Russian language. he is our first linguist who started to study a lively Russian language. He was the first scientist who characterized subject and goals of Russian linguistics as a science.
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“Russian grammar” published in 1755 was
a result of all his work and his thoughts
about Russian language. It is the first scientific work regarding Russian language. Strict scientific plan, completeness, big volume of material, scientific analyses are topical till now determined a historical value of Lomonosov’s grammar.
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So, Lomonosov
theoretically and practically favoured the development of Russian language
and its study. Main thing what Lomonosov brilliantly managed is to arouse huge interest of the public to language.
That’s why the Russian literary language with its style’s richness develops so quickly after Lomonosov, many genres of poetry and prose form different aspects of oratory, philology becomes more active, Russian language vocabularies and Russian grammar are set up.
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Lomonosov’s
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PATRIOTISM
“Venture to glorify the Motherland
with courage!
Only in cheerful and hearty impulse, in passionate
love to the native country, in bravery and energy a victory comes up”.
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Demography
“The main principle of
this I consider the fact pf preservation and reproduction
of the Russian nation that is a majesty, power and wealth of the whole country”.
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EDUCATION
“If a
schoolboy doesn’t know the Russian grammar, he must study
in the first form until he will be able to read and write well. University must include: the faculty of law, medical and philosophic faculties. Gymnasium is a first basis of free arts and sciences… Young people should learn right way of thinking and good manners there”.
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SCIENCE,
ENLIGHTENMENT
“Science is a clear knowledge
of truth, enlightenment of intellect, praise of the young, support of the old, builder of cities, strength of luck in misery, adorning in happiness, reliable partner everywhere.
Intellect by means of science gets to the mystery of substance, points out where is a truth. Science and experience are only means, only a framework for reflection”.