Презентация на тему The main types of nutrition in microorganisms

microorganisms

them.

2.Name and identify correctly at least four types

of nutrition.

a lag phase, an exponential / lag phase, stationary

phase, a dead phase, monitors, viable cell microorganism, optical density, seeding
Growth factor, Trace elements, Macronutritions, Nitrogen, carbohydrates, Hydrogen, Phosphorus, oxygen, Sulfur, Potassium, Calcium, glucose, carbon dioxide, water, pH, temperature, mineral ions
Nutrient supply, agar medium/growth medium, aeration
Aseptic techniques, sterile, streak pattern

– CO2 sole or principal source

Heterotrophs – reduced, preformed organic molecules
Energy sources
Phototrophs – light
Chemotrophs – oxidation of chemical compounds (organic/inorganic)
Electrons/Hydrogen sources
Lithotrophs – use reduced inorganic compounds as electron donors
Organotrophs – organic compounds/moleculs
“mixotrophs: they can alter their metabolic patterns in response to the particular environment.

A source of energy

2) A source of matter

for building additional cells: C, O, H, N, S, P, trace minerals.

acids, alcohols, hydrocarbons…
Nitrogen – organic: amino acids, peptides, proteins

inorganic: ammonium salts and nitrates
Water – chemical reactions
Growth factors, Vitamins, Mineral salts – positive ions: calcium, potassium, sodium, B vitamins, some in TRACE (small) amounts
Energy – chemical or light
chemotrophs-chemical energy – glucose
phototrophic – light energy: blue green algae bacteria

oxygen
14% nitrogen
8% hydrogen
3% phosphorus
2% sulfur
2% potassium
0.05% calcium, magnesium, chlorine
0.2%

iron
0.3% trace elements

in their ability to synthesize all of their carbon

compounds. Range of carbon compounds utilized: CO, CH4, to complex organic compounds.

Protons (H+) involved in ATP production, CO2 reduction, anaerobic

and aerobic respiration.

and most macromolecules. Most free-living microbes assimilate ammonia from

their environment or reduce nitrate. An array of microbial types can "fix" atmospheric nitrogen.

thiamine). Reduced inorganic sulfur (e.g. H2S) used as energy

source for thiobacilli. Sulfur serves as terminal electron acceptor in some Archaea.

in membranes, nucleic acids.

oxygen toxic to anaerobes, so they obtain it in

a combined form from the substrate.

are essential for cellular growth:
K+ Principle

cellular counterion
Mg++ DNA polymerase
Ca++ Intracellular signalling, wall structure
Fe++ Cytochromes
Mn++ PsII, photosynthesis
Co++ Vitamin B12 constituent (methylations)
Cu++ Superoxide dimutase
Zn++ Some DNA binding proteins

compounds that an organism is unable to synthesize. They

must be obtained directly from the environment.

Examples: Vitamins, Amino acids, Purines, pyrimidines

stages of growth.
What is happening to the culture at

time
=5.5-10 hours?

What the limiting factors a time
= 4.5 – 5.5 hours?

of bacterial colonies from liquid agar culture so they

may be easily counted.

% Transmittance
0 % Absorbance
20 %

Transmittance
80 % Absorbance

Used to measure ‘turbidity’
concentration of bacterial in solution

Sediment
-death phase – dead bacteria
precipitate out of solution
Sterile Broth
Significant

turbidity
-lots of bacteria

Slight turbidity
-some bacteria

Dead bacteria

of bacterial colonies from liquid agar culture so they

may be easily counted.

Nutrient closed petri dish
2- No nutrient closed petri dish
3-

Glucose closed petri dish
4 – No glucose closed petri dish
5 – Nutrient open petri dish
6 - No nutrient open petri dish
72 hours in incubator or 72 hours covered in warm part of room.

them.

2.Name and identify correctly at least four types

of nutrition.