Презентация на тему Narcology: evolution, definition, subject objectives and methods. Substance abuse treatment

- the form of destructive behavior, as expressed in

an effort to escape from reality by changing his mind by receiving chemicals or fixation of attention on certain subjects or activities that accompanied the development of intense emotion and desire to repeat this state.

single dose can cause pleasant mental experience, while systematically

- physical and mental addiction.

- The dependence of the game
- Workaholism
- Co-dependency, etc.

criteria:
a) has surfactant properties (medical criterion);
b) the non-medical consumption

of the substance has a large scale, the effects of this gain social importance (social criteria);
c) in accordance with the law and recognized Narcotic included in the list of narcotic drugs (legal criteria).

Surfactants, not related to the drug list

Drugs

Toxic substances

systematic use of psychoactive substances in the state list

of drugs, which is manifested psychological and physical dependence on them.

Substance abuse - a disease caused by the systematic use of psychoactive substances that are not included in the state list of drugs, which is manifested psychological and physical dependence on them.

The approach to patients with substance abuse and principles of their treatment are identical.
.

drugs.
Polysubstance - simultaneous dependence on two or more narcotic

substances.

Episodic abuse -
drug abuse or other surfactant formed clinic without dependence (mental and / or physical) is not considered a drug addiction or substance abuse. (Drug addiction, for abuse behavior)

complicated narkomaniya-
simultaneous dependence on one drug and other narcotic substances.

benzodiazepines)

Since stimulating effect (caffeine, cocaine, ephedrine, amphetamine)
Psychedelic

(LSD, cannabis, volatile narcotic effect in the islands)

Some surfactants are medicines:
narcotic analgesics
barbiturates
benzodiazepines
ephedrine

psychological predisposition to addiction to alcohol)
• Self-medication (alcohol intake

to relieve psychological stress, stress, anxiety, decrease feelings of depression when depression);
• Features of character, personality development.
- A higher risk of developing alcoholism in some races.

tolerant attitude of society to
    alcohol abuse
• Underemployment
• Poverty
•

Disharmony in the family
• Stressful situations at work
• Children imitate the behavior of adults
• Children begin to consume alcohol under pressure from peers

this:
• Disproportionately high levels of alcoholism among men than

women (5: 1);
• Increased risk of developing alcoholism in
    sons / brothers-alcoholic men;
• Data on adopted twins indicate an increased risk for alcoholism (risk increased by 4 times), if the biological parents suffer from alcoholism;
  - A higher risk of developing alcoholism in
Some races.

universal to all forms of addictions. He defines the

essence of the disease.

1. Syndrome of altered reactivity

2. Psychic dependence syndrome

3. Physical dependence syndrome

IN THE FORM OF CONSUMPTION
2. CHANGE OF TOLERANCE
3. DISAPPEARANCE

protective reaction OVERDOSE

4. CHANGE OF FORM INTOXICATION

(obsessive) craving for drugs
2. ABILITY TO ACHIEVE MENTAL COMFORT

ONLY INTOXICATION

- Lifting the mood in anticipation of receiving

- Depression, constant thoughts about the drug

- Dissatisfaction in the absence of the drug

- Conflict of motives

(compulsive) TOWARDS anesthesia
2. The ability to achieve a state

of physical comfort in ONLY INTOXICATION

3. Withdrawal syndrome (abstinence)

STAGE OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DEPENDENCE
III STAGE DRUG degradation

of the individual

reactivity:
Receiving regular drug
Height tolerance (tolerance)
Protective reactions weaken
Fading of the

initial drug effect.

Psychological dependence:
Formed psychological (obsessive) attraction to intoxication
Achievements mental comfort only during intoxication
Physical dependence:
not formed

reactivity:
modified form of consumption,
maximum tolerance,
lack of protective and toxic

reactions,
modified form of intoxication

Psychological dependence:
Severe obsessive attraction to intoxication,
Ability to mental comfort only in intoxication

Physical dependence:
compulsive, physical attraction to intoxication,
the capacity for physical comfort in intoxication,
  abstinence syndrome (withdrawal)

reactivity:
Reactivity changed due to the depletion of the body,

Decrease of tolerance,
The drug acts as a tonic, buoyed body means.

Psychological dependence:

Severe obsessive attraction to intoxication,

Physical dependence:

compulsive, physical attraction to intoxication,
the capacity for physical comfort in intosikatsii, withdrawal symptoms (withdrawal)

of large doses of surfactant due to poisoning of

the body, forming a complex somatic-vegetative disorders, which can be externally similar to the symptoms of withdrawal syndrome.

The main difference from the abstinence syndrome - absence of craving for surfactant (and often intense aversion), because and poisoned body without surfactants and products of its destruction.

(because after prolonged use of the surfactant is incorporated

in the metabolic processes) or insufficient activation of receptors (which are adapted to receive continuous SAW). Therefore, to restore the normal state of health the body requires a surfactant.

the backdrop of the abolition of alcohol intake, as

a complication of withdrawal symptoms (Minimum 2 steps): delirium ("delirium tremens"), hallucination, Korsakov (amnestic) syndrome, paranoid, encephalopathy, etc.

For other surfactants - intoxication - at the height of intoxication (ie, at any stage, even after a single use of high-dose or low-quality materials): delirium, hallucination, paranoid.

to remember:
Dependencies are incurable! A dependent will always be

addicted!
It is possible to achieve the formation of persistent and prolonged remission (ie, an alcoholic does not drink, does not use a drug addict drug).
That is, if the patient's symptoms are formed and depending on it for some reason (treatment, conscious choice, imprisonment) does not use a surfactant for a while, then when he starts to eat again, all depending on the symptoms manifest at the same level. Often it is enough to "one drink"!

voluntariness
rejection of the use of surfactants (!)
maximum individualization
complexity

treatment of substance abuse disorders
Biologically oriented effects Antidepressants
  Normotimiki
 

Tranquilizers
  Neyroleptitk 
Opiate receptor blockers (naltrexone)
  Sensitizer
  Means of substitute therapy (methadone)
  Drug-free methods
    (Reflexology / electrical)

methods (in Vol. H. URT)
Group methods. Existential psychotherapy. family

therapy
Synthetic and PT methods combined.

Socially-oriented effects

self-help groups (AA, Alanon, Anon)
Socio-psychological training

Psychotherapeutic-oriented effects