Презентация на тему Pediatric Special Care Dentistry

developmental, mental, sensory, behavioral, cognitive, &/or emotional impairment or

limiting condition that requires medical management, health care intervention, &/or use of specialized services/programs

malformations
Cerebral Palsy
Amelogenesis Imperfecta
Psychological Limitations
Anxiety
Eating disorders
Nervous habits

in which the airways occasionally constrict, become inflamed, and

are lined with excessive amounts of mucus, often in response to one or more triggers
Asthma Classification

there is a trigger
Multiple phases

gingivitis
Throat irritation (steroids)
Candida infections
Dental facial effects
Increase occurrence

of posterior cross bite
Increased anterior facial height
Increased overjet
High palate

nebulizer patients ? may require antifungal treatment
Afternoon appointments

(2pm to 6pm)
Review history of last attack/last medication use/frequency of attacks/last hospitalization
Avoid prolonged supine positions
Be aware of dental instrument placement
Reappoint if patient is wheezing, has difficulty breathing
Use rubber dam

of all or part of an extra chromosome #21

Open mouth posture
Decreased caries risk
Increased periodontal risk

Delayed eruption/overretained teeth
Atypical root morphology
Enamel hypoplasia

respiratory problems
Atlanto-axial instability
Varying degree of intellectual impairment

for a group of complex disorders of brain development.

These disorders are characterized by varying degrees of difficulties in social interaction, communication and repetitive actions.

name
Acts deaf
Does not smile socially
Does not point

or use gestures by age 1
No “babbling/baby talk” by 12 mos or no words by 16 mos
Talks but does not communicate
Loss of any social/communication skills
Lack of spontaneous/make believe play
Little or no eye contact
Engages in repetitive behaviors
Overly focused interests

the heading of Pervasive Developmental Disorders. The American Psychiatric

Association has now recategorize both conditions under ASD.
Difference with Asperger is there is no general delay in language or cognitive development. It is characterized by difficulties in social interaction and restricted patterns of behaviors/interests. Typically of normal or above normal intelligence

caries
Poor oral hygiene
Overall, few unusual dental findings

tools, water, noise, staff
Unpredictable bodily movements
Self injurious behavior
Obsessive

routines/repetitive behaviors
Obtain thorough medical & dental history
Treatment with GA

children
Hyperactive and unable to control their impulses
Difficulty focusing/paying attention

Three subcategories
Inattention
Hyperactivity
Impulsivity
Diagnosis has criteria of 9 factors
Diagnosis for under 17 years (meet 6 of 9 criteria)
Diagnosis for over 17 years (meet 5)

abnormalities of the cranial-facial structure, digits, and 2 or

more ectodermal
structures
Hair
Teeth
Nails
Skin
Sweat glands
There are many variations of this condition
Diagnosis

Increased dental caries
Diastema
Thick lips
Large chin
Underdeveloped alveolar ridges

as the child ages & the maxillo-mandibular structure changes

Full coverage crowns

lip and palate during gestation

notching of the vermilion not extending into lip
Class II:

Unilateral notching of the vermilion border with the cleft extending into the lip but not including the floor of the nose
Class III: Unilateral cleft of the vermilion border of the lip extending into the floor of the nose
Class IV: Any bilateral cleft of the lip whether it is incomplete or complete notching
Cleft palate classification
Class I: Involves only the soft palate
Class II: Involves the soft & hard palate but not alveolar process
Class III: Involves both soft & hard palates & alveolar process on one side of the premaxillary area
Class IV: Involves both soft & hard palates & continues through the alveolus on both sides of the premaxilla, leaving it free & often mobile

intake (burps often)
Choking
Nasal discharge
Treatment
Surgery for repair
Intraoral

devices to mold lip & palate
Bone grafts in severe cases

of neurological disorders that permanently affects body movement and

muscle coordination. It is due to damage to the developing brain either during or shortly after birth.
Although cerebral palsy affects muscle movement, it isn’t caused by problems in the muscles or nerves – it is caused by abnormalities in parts of the brain that control muscle movements
This is the most common physical disability among children

Poor balance
Hearing loss
MR in ~50% of cases
Behavioral

problems

calculus (if fed with G-tube)
Malocclusion ? Overjet & spacing
Delayed

eruption of permanent dentition
Bruxism common
Increased/sensitive gag reflex
Drooling
Often requires dental treatment with GA

Nervosa
Bulimia Nervosa
Nervous Habits
Nail biting
Lip licking
Self injurious behavior