Презентация на тему Education in the United States

by the local → state → federal government (85%

of all students)
The policies (curricula, funding, teaching methods) are set through locally elected school boards with jurisdiction over school districts
The ages for compulsory education vary by state – from 5-8 to 14-18

public elementary education is determined by individual school districts

(14,000 school districts in the country).
In general, a student learns basic arithmetic and sometimes rudimentary algebra in mathematics, English proficiency (such as basic grammar, spelling, and vocabulary), and fundamentals of other subjects (social studies, sciences)

2001 (NCLB) is a United States Act of Congress

– a form of the government's aid program for disadvantaged students. NCLB supports standards-based education reform based on the premise that setting high standards and establishing measurable goals can improve individual outcomes in education. The Act requires states to develop assessments in basic skills.
The Act does not assert a national achievement standard; standards are set by each individual state. NCLB expanded the federal role in public education through annual testing, annual academic progress, report cards, teacher qualifications, and funding changes.

students are given more independence, moving to different classrooms

for different subjects, and being allowed to choose some of their class subjects (electives)

grade.
The students in these grades are commonly referred

to as freshmen (grade 9), sophomores (grade 10), juniors (grade 11) and seniors (grade 12).

4 years):
Science (biology, chemistry and physics)
Mathematics (algebra, geometry, pre-calculus,

statistics)
English (literature, humanities, composition, oral languages, etc.)
Social sciences (history, government/economics courses)
Physical education

country, football, baseball, basketball,softball, wrestling, cheerleading, volleyball, lacrosse, ice

hockey, field hockey, marching band, etc.)
Career and Technical Education (Agriculture/Agriscience, Business/Marketing, Family and Consumer Science, Health Occupations, and Technology Education, including Publishing)
Performing Arts/Visual Arts, (choir, band, orchestra, drama, art, ceramics, photography, and dance)
Foreign languages (usually Spanish or French)
Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps

yearly progress." (NCLB Act)
SAT Reasoning Test - (formerly Scholastic

Aptitude Test and Scholastic Assessment Test) a standardized test for college admissions in the United States. Introduced in 2005, it takes three hours and forty-five minutes, and costs $49. Possible scores range from 600 to 2400, combining test results from three 800-point sections (math, critical reading, and writing).

standardized test for high school achievement and college admissions

in the United States produced by ACT, Inc. From 1959 a competitor to the SAT Reasoning Test. The ACT test has historically consisted of four tests: English, Math, Reading, and Science reasoning. In 2005, an optional writing test was added to the ACT.

state to state. In 2009, average annual tuition (education

costs only) was:
a public university (for residents of the state) - $7,020
a public university (for non-residents) - $18,545
a private university - $26,273
+ accommodation and board - $7,000 - $9,000
Loans – e.g. The William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program - "low-interest loans for students and parents to help pay for the cost of a student's education after high school. The lender is the U.S. Department of Education ... rather than a bank or other financial institution."

government-sponsored and privately-sponsored
community colleges (sometimes called junior colleges, technical

colleges, or city colleges) - two-year public institutions providing higher education and lower-level tertiary education; they usually offer the associate's degree

(the students' GPA)
class ranking
standardized test scores (the SAT or

the ACT tests).
other, subjective factors: a commitment to extracurricular activities, a personal essay, and an interview.

sophomore year
(3rd year) junior year
(4th year) senior year

⇒ bachelor’s degree (eg. BA, BSc)
*- major/ minor

graduate study
2, 3 years ⇒ master’s degree (eg. MA, MSc)
postgraduate study
⇒ Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) or other doctoral degrees

League:
Brown University,
Columbia University,
Cornell University,
Dartmouth College,
Harvard

University,
Princeton University,
the University of Pennsylvania
Yale University
Massachusetts Institute of Technology

old, small, exclusive, and academically competitive liberal arts colleges

located in the northeastern United States.

universities)
rely on subsidies from their respective state government

but also seek private support; generally charge higher tuition to out-of-state students
„Public Ivies”: the University of Michigan, UCLA, the University of California, Berkeley, the University of Texas at Austin, the University of Virginia, the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the College of William and Mary (Virginia), the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,