Презентация на тему Tems – The Building Blocks оf Tests

that are available in LT from which you can

choose when you plan your tests
advantages and disadvantages and points to consider when choosing these options
MCQs, and possible problems with them

what sort of input test takers must produce
Bachman:

test method
Bachman and Palmer: task type
Brown and Hudson: item format
Famularo, Shin: response format
Alderson: test technique
Coombe: test item

writing or combination tasks, open-the brackets, an incomplete graphic

organizer, an incomplete outline
Can be passage-based or independent
Assess a variety of language skills and subskills
Require written response, ranging in length from 1 word to max. 1 sentence

use one, two or three words for your answers.

Last week, Vicky went to the city center by bus. She met her friend Kate and they went to the cinema. …..
How did Vicky get to the city center last week?
…………………………………………………..

end of the line to form a word that

fits the sentence.

The results of the scientist’s work have …… significance. GLOBE
People made some ………….remarks about my performance. COMPLIMENT

spelling or punctuation error. Write the correctly spelled word

or show the correct punctuation on your answer sheet.

If we look at wood through a microscope we can see its made up of elongated cells.

that it has a similar meaning to the first

sentence. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.
Could you please turn off your mobile phone?
MIND
Would ………………………………………. your mobile phone off?

= 7)
Studying black bears
After years studying North America’s black

bears in the (0) …….. way, wildlife biologist Luke Robertson felt no closer to understanding the creatures. He realised that he had to (1) …….. their trust. Abandoning scientific detachment, he (2) …….. the daring step of forming relationships (3) …….. the animals, bringing them food to (4) …….. their acceptance. The insight this has (5) …….. him into their behaviour has allowed (6) …….. to dispel certain myths about bears.

bears in the (0) …….. way, wildlife biologist Luke

Robertson felt no closer to understanding the creatures. He realised that he had to (1) …….. their trust. Abandoning scientific detachment, he took the daring step of forming relationships with the animals, bringing them food to gain their acceptance.
The (2) …….. this has given him into their behaviour has allowed him to dispel certain myths about bears. (3) …….. to popular belief, he contends that bears do not (4) …….. as much for fruit as previously supposed. He also (5) …….. claims that they are ferocious. He says that people should not be (6) …….. by behaviour such as swatting paws on the ground, as this is a defensive, rather than an aggressive, act.

this task. Write about the following topic:
Some people believe

that children are given too much free time. They feel that this time should be used to do more school work.
How do you think children should spend their free time?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Write at least 250 words.

this task. Write about the following topic:

Some people believe

that children are given too much free time. They feel that this time should be used to do more school work.
How do you think children should spend their free time?

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Write at least 250 words.

summaries, essays and compositions, full size research papers.
Spoken:

short or lengthy monologues on a given topic, a speech, a presentation, group oral interview, roleplay,

yes/no, correct/incorrect, right/wrong, or fact/opinion.
Advantages?? Disadvantages??
Allow for testing

large amounts of content in lesser time
Ease of scoring (objective items)

They are easy! ! It is difficult to discriminate btw Sts who know the material and students who do not
If NG option not included, 50% guessing factor
To increase reliability, must be a sufficient amount on the test

that test meaning rather than trivial detail.
Qs should

be at lower level of language difficulty than the text
Consider the effects of background knowledge!
Qs should appear in same order as text
Paraphrase questions, avoid verbatim matching
Avoid ‘absoluteness’ cues, answer patterns
Rather have Sts circle TFNs, than write letters

eaten for at least 9,500 years.
Chilies come from South

America.
People began eating Chilies in the last few centuries.
South Americans were the first people to start eating Chilies.
South Americans are the only nation who have a special loving for Chilies.

a matter of logic and elimination
Include more options

than blanks to reduce the guessing factor
Can take many forms and formats:
Connect a list of words to list of pictures
Connect synonyms from two word lists
Select a word from a word bank
Passage-based: multiple-matching

http://www.flo-joe.co.uk/cae/students/tests/

commonly used format: known to teachers and students at

various levels
No skill contamination
Cost-effective and practical

Disadvantages

Lack authenticity, cannot be used to test language as communication
Very often aimed only at recall and recognition
Guessing factor is strong!
Challenging and time consuming to create

Impurity
Subsuming
Apples and Oranges
Unparalleled options
Gender representation

Stereotypes
Inflammatory tone

Double keys
No key
Implausibility
Outside or Background knowledge
Trickiness
Insensitivity
Inappropriate terminology

you write “for deposit only” on a check, you

are probably going to _______.
a. cash a check
b. deposit money
c. transfer funds
d. open an account

the 4th is not (a.k.a. “odd man out”)

The hotel

_______ an ad in the newspaper to recruit new employees.
a. placing
b. placed
c. to place
d. placement

I never knew ______________.
a. had the boys gone
b.

the boys have gone
c. have the boys gone
d. the boys had gone

furniture.
Mike: Ok, I’ll call the supply company.
John: Just don’t

get the metal ones, please!

What will Mike order?
a. metal desks
b. comfortable chairs
c. office furniture

to one another or are 2 for 2 split

Nowadays people use mobile phones ______________.
a. frequently
b. seldom
c. in their cars
d. for emergency purposes

length
grammar
How do most Russians go to work?
a.

By bus.
b. Go by taxi.
c. Most of them drive.
d. Walk.

stereotypes.
Latifa went downtown ____ pick up some soul

food.
so
to
for
---

emotional impact on Ss should be avoided.
_______ many American

soldiers in the Arabian Gulf right now.
There are
There is
There were
There have been

to test takers.
Four people ______ in three serious

car accidents on Sheikh Zayed Road yesterday.
were killed
killed
are killed
to kill

keyable.

I apologize for …. before.
Not writing
Not write
Not having written
Not

to be writing

a correct answer in response options.
This is the

restaurant _____ I told you about yesterday.
what
why
where
how

absurd or giveaway distractors

The Olympics were held in

______ in 2004.
a. Athens
b. Beijing
c. Seoul
d. Disneyland

question based on outside or background knowledge.
The weather

in Siberia is _____ hot and sunny.
a. often
b. never
c. sometimes
d. rarely

even for native speakers.
Smoking has a bad________ on

health.
a. effect
b. affect
c. affliction
d. effectiveness

can study a variety of different _____ at the

new school.
teachers
students
subjects
methods

stem
Four options optimal, one must be unambiguous answer.
Others

= distractors which attract Ss
All response options are parallel (same length, difficulty level)
Avoid the longest answer is the correct one – rule-of-thumb
Avoid: “all of the above”, never, always, absurd or giveaway distractors, extraneous cues, items that presuppose correct answer to previous item.
Avoid patterns: AAABBBCCCAAABBBCCC

cause of low individual incomes in the United States

is:
lack of valuable productive services to sell.
unwillingness to work.
automation.
inflation.

the stem.
In national elections in the United States the

President is officially:
chosen by the people.
chosen by members of Congress.
chosen by the House of Representatives.
chosen by the Electoral College."
If the same words appear in all response options, take these words out of the response options and put them in the stem.