Презентация на тему Modal verbs

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2. Primary functions of modal verbsAbility
3. Secondary functions of modal verbs In
4. Some important grammar aspectsThe negative is formed
5. Check out these examples and analyse them.I
6. Past tense of modalsWhen the sentence refers
7. PRIMARY VERBA primary verb is one of
8. BEBe:(be,am,was.were,been,being)is used as a full verb both
9. HAVEHave (have,has,had,having)is used as a full verb
10. DODO:(do,does,did,done,doing) is used as a full verb
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Primary functions of modal verbsAbility PermissionProhibition PredictionDuty (escapable obligation)Obligation (inescapable)Request; OfferPossibility Absence of obligationCANMAY (might)/ CAN (could)MUSTN’T / CANNOTWILL / SHALL / MAYSHOULDMUSTCAN / WILL CAN / CANNOTNEEDN’T

Using the modal verbs we may, for example, ask for permission to

Secondary functions of modal verbs In their secondary function, the modal

Some important grammar aspectsThe negative is formed by the addition of not

Check out these examples and analyse them.I can lift 25 kg. She

Past tense of modalsWhen the sentence refers to the primary meaning (can:

PRIMARY VERBA primary verb is one of a group of three verbs

BEBe:(be,am,was.were,been,being)is used as a full verb both as the existential verb and

HAVEHave (have,has,had,having)is used as a full verb with a variety of meanings,many

DODO:(do,does,did,done,doing) is used as a full verb with a variety of meanings

LEXICAL VERBIn linguistics a lexical verb or full verb is member of

Слайды презентации

Слайд 2 Primary functions of modal verbs
Ability
Permission
Prohibition
Prediction
Duty

(escapable obligation)
Obligation (inescapable)
Request; Offer
Possibility
Absence of obligation
CAN
MAY (might)/ CAN

(could)
MUSTN’T / CANNOT
WILL / SHALL / MAY
SHOULD
MUST
CAN / WILL
CAN / CANNOT
NEEDN’T

Слайд 3 Secondary functions of modal verbs In their secondary function,

the modal verbs (except shall) can be used to

express the degree of certainty/uncertainty or probability.

ALMOST CERTAIN

VERY UNCERTAIN

MUST
WILL
WOULD
OUGHT TO
SHOULD
CAN
COULD
MAY
MIGHT

Слайд 4 Some important grammar aspects
The negative is formed by

Some important grammar aspectsThe negative is formed by the addition of

the addition of not after the modal.
In informal spoken

English not is often reduced to n’t.
Modals in affirmative do not have contracted forms (except for will and would: I’ll, I’d).
In questions, the modal verbs behave like the auxiliar verbs: do, have or be.
Only one modal verb can be used in a single verb phrase.
Tenses: all modals can refer to the immediate present or the future, therefore ‘present’ is not always a reliable label ( I can call him today / I can call him tomorrow).
There is no progressive form for modals. But we can put the verb that follows the modal into the progressive form.
Verbs that share some characteristics with the modals: be able/ have to / ought to / need

Слайд 5 Check out these examples and analyse them.
I can

Check out these examples and analyse them.I can lift 25 kg.

lift 25 kg. She can speak French.
I couldn’t

finish the job.
You can go now.
It can be quite cold in winter.
He can’t be at home. He could have left last night.
May I borrow your umbrella, please?
You must do it. I had to do it. I’ll have to do it.
We mustn’t forget our passports.
You must have seen him.
It must be Anna calling.
You needn’t wait for me.
The exam can’t have been difficult if he passed without studying.
She should be at home by now.
Shall I open the window?

Слайд 6 Past tense of modals
When the sentence refers to

Past tense of modalsWhen the sentence refers to the primary meaning

the primary meaning (can: ability/permission, must: obligation) the past

form is expressed mainly by :
Can: could / was(were) able or was(were) allowed
Must: had to / was(were) obliged to

When the sentence refers to the secondary meaning (can: possibility/probability (or sth that could have happened but didn’t happen), must: certainty) the past form is mainly expressed by:
Can: could + have + past participle
Must: must + have + past participle

Слайд 7 PRIMARY VERB
A primary verb is one of a

PRIMARY VERBA primary verb is one of a group of three

group of three verbs that are important in English

in the construction of aspect (progressive/continuous,perfect) voice and of negative,interrogative and emphatic forms of full verbs.The primary verbs are be,have and do.

Слайд 8 BE
Be:(be,am,was.were,been,being)is used as a full verb both as

BEBe:(be,am,was.were,been,being)is used as a full verb both as the existential verb

the existential verb and as a copular verb.(My daughter

is a teacher)

Слайд 9 HAVE
Have (have,has,had,having)is used as a full verb with

HAVEHave (have,has,had,having)is used as a full verb with a variety of

a variety of meanings,many associated with the idea of

possession.(Luke has a fantastic library) or experiencing/doing ( I have a lot of problems with that. Mary has a shower as soon as she gets home from work.)

Слайд 10 DO
DO:(do,does,did,done,doing) is used as a full verb with

DODO:(do,does,did,done,doing) is used as a full verb with a variety of

a variety of meanings (It must do something about

that.(Have you done your homework?.)
As an auxiliary verb,it used for three forms of the full verbs:the negative (She doesn not like you),the emphatic (Did Paul say anything to you?)and the emphatic (We did enjoy the play).It is also used as code ,standing in for the full verb,in for example,question tags.(That went off quite well didn”t it?)