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Презентация на тему Corynebacterium Erysipelothrix & Listeria

Содержание

Pathogenic Anaerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli
Pathogenic Anaerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli Corynebacteria (Genus Corynebacterium)⮚Aerobic or facultatively anaerobic⮚Small, pleomorphic (club-shaped), gram-positive bacilli that appear Distinguishing Features of CMN Group Pathogenic Corynebacterial SpeciesCorynebacterium diphtheriaeCorynebacterium jeikeiumCorynebacterium urealyticum Corynebacterium urealyticum⮚Urinary tract infections (UTI’s); rare but important⮚Urease hydrolyzes urea; release of Corynebacterium jeikeium⮚Opportunistic infections in immunocompromised (e.g., patients with blood disorders, bone marrow Corynebacterium jeikeium Carriers Corynebacterium diphtheriae⮚Respiratory diphtheria (pseudomembrane on pharynx) and cutaneous diphtheria⮚Prototype A-B exotoxin acts Epidemiology of Diphtheria Incidence of Diphtheria in the USA Incidence of Diphtheria in Former Soviet Union Virulence Factors in Corynebacterium Species Diphtheria tox Gene in Beta Bacteriophage and Prophage See Handout on Exotoxins Mechanism of Action of Diphtheria Toxin: Molecular Structure of Diphtheria Toxin Diagnostic Schick Skin Test In vivo Detection of Diphtheria Exotoxin Listeria monocytogenes⮚Gram-positive beta-hemolytic bacillus⮚Multiply at refrigerator temperatures (4oC)⮚Tumbling motility at room temperatureCAMP Intestinal tract of mammals & birds (especially chickens)Persists in soilSoft cheeses & Epidemiology of Listeriosis Epidemiology of Listeria Infections Neonates, elderly & immunocompromisedGranulomatosis infantiseptica Transmitted to fetus transplacentally Early septicemic form: Methods That Circumvent Phagocytic KillingSee Chpt. 19 Intracellular Survival & Replication of Listeria Erysipelothrix rhusopathiaeGram-positive non-motile bacillus; forms filamentsOccupational disease of meat and fish handlers, Epidemiology of Erysipelothrix Infection REVIEW Corynebacterium diphtheriae⮚Respiratory diphtheria (pseudomembrane on pharynx) and cutaneous diphtheria⮚Prototype A-B exotoxin acts Diphtheria tox Gene in Beta Bacteriophage and ProphageREVIEW See Handout on ExotoxinsREVIEW Mechanism of Action of Diphtheria Toxin: Corynebacterium jeikeium⮚Opportunistic infections in immunocompromised (e.g., patients with blood disorders, bone marrow Corynebacterium urealyticum⮚Urinary tract infections (UTI’s); rare but important⮚Urease hydrolyzes urea; release of Listeria monocytogenes⮚Gram-positive beta-hemolytic bacillus⮚Multiply at refrigerator temperatures (4oC)⮚Tumbling motility at room temperatureCAMP Epidemiology of Listeria InfectionsREVIEW Neonates, elderly & immunocompromisedGranulomatosis infantiseptica Transmitted to fetus transplacentally Early septicemic form: Intracellular Survival & Replication of ListeriaREVIEW Erysipelothrix rhusopathiaeGram-positive non-motile bacillus; forms filamentsOccupational disease of meat and fish handlers,
Слайды презентации

Слайд 2

Слайд 3 Pathogenic Anaerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

Pathogenic Anaerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

Слайд 4 Corynebacteria (Genus Corynebacterium)
⮚Aerobic or facultatively anaerobic

⮚Small, pleomorphic (club-shaped),

Corynebacteria (Genus Corynebacterium)⮚Aerobic or facultatively anaerobic⮚Small, pleomorphic (club-shaped), gram-positive bacilli that

gram-positive bacilli that appear in short chains (“V” or

“Y” configurations) or in clumps resembling “Chinese letters”

⮚Cells contain metachromatic granules (visualize with methylene blue stain)

⮚Lipid-rich cell wall contains meso-diaminopimelic acid, arabino-galactan polymers, and short-chain mycolic acids

⮚Lysogenic bacteriophage encodes for potent exotoxin in virulent strains

Слайд 5 Distinguishing Features of CMN Group

Distinguishing Features of CMN Group

Слайд 6 Pathogenic Corynebacterial Species
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Corynebacterium jeikeium
Corynebacterium urealyticum

Pathogenic Corynebacterial SpeciesCorynebacterium diphtheriaeCorynebacterium jeikeiumCorynebacterium urealyticum

Слайд 7 Corynebacterium urealyticum

⮚Urinary tract infections (UTI’s); rare but important

⮚Urease

Corynebacterium urealyticum⮚Urinary tract infections (UTI’s); rare but important⮚Urease hydrolyzes urea; release

hydrolyzes urea; release of NH4+, increase in pH, alkaline

urine, renal stones

Слайд 8 Corynebacterium jeikeium

⮚Opportunistic infections in immunocompromised (e.g., patients with

Corynebacterium jeikeium⮚Opportunistic infections in immunocompromised (e.g., patients with blood disorders, bone

blood disorders, bone marrow transplants, intravenous catheters)

⮚Multiple antibiotic resistance

common (MDR)

⮚Carriage on skin of up to 40% of hospitalized patients (e.g., marrow t-plants)

Слайд 9 Corynebacterium jeikeium Carriers

Corynebacterium jeikeium Carriers

Слайд 10 Corynebacterium diphtheriae

⮚Respiratory diphtheria (pseudomembrane on pharynx) and cutaneous

Corynebacterium diphtheriae⮚Respiratory diphtheria (pseudomembrane on pharynx) and cutaneous diphtheria⮚Prototype A-B exotoxin

diphtheria

⮚Prototype A-B exotoxin acts systemically
Toxoid in DPT and

TD vaccines

⮚Diphtheria toxin encoded by tox gene introduced by lysogenic bacteriophage (prophage)

⮚Selective media: cysteine-tellurite; serum tellurite; Loeffler’s

⮚Gravis, intermedius, and mitis colonial morphology

Слайд 11 Epidemiology of Diphtheria

Epidemiology of Diphtheria

Слайд 12 Incidence of Diphtheria in the USA

Incidence of Diphtheria in the USA

Слайд 13 Incidence of Diphtheria in Former Soviet Union

Incidence of Diphtheria in Former Soviet Union

Слайд 14 Virulence Factors in Corynebacterium Species

Virulence Factors in Corynebacterium Species

Слайд 15 Diphtheria tox Gene in Beta Bacteriophage and Prophage

Diphtheria tox Gene in Beta Bacteriophage and Prophage

Слайд 16 See Handout on Exotoxins

See Handout on Exotoxins

Слайд 17

Слайд 18 Mechanism of Action of Diphtheria Toxin:

Mechanism of Action of Diphtheria Toxin: Inhibition of Protein Synthesis

Inhibition of

Protein Synthesis

Слайд 19
Molecular Structure of Diphtheria Toxin

Molecular Structure of Diphtheria Toxin

Слайд 20

Слайд 21 Diagnostic Schick Skin Test

Diagnostic Schick Skin Test

Слайд 22 In vivo Detection

In vivo Detection of Diphtheria Exotoxin

of Diphtheria Exotoxin

Слайд 23

Слайд 24 Listeria monocytogenes
⮚Gram-positive beta-hemolytic bacillus
⮚Multiply at refrigerator temperatures (4oC)
⮚Tumbling

Listeria monocytogenes⮚Gram-positive beta-hemolytic bacillus⮚Multiply at refrigerator temperatures (4oC)⮚Tumbling motility at room

motility at room temperature
CAMP Test positive (like Group B

Streptococcus)

Слайд 25 Intestinal tract of mammals & birds (especially chickens)
Persists

Intestinal tract of mammals & birds (especially chickens)Persists in soilSoft cheeses

in soil
Soft cheeses & unwashed raw vegetables
Raw or undercooked

food of animal origin
Luncheon meats
Hot dogs
Large scale food recalls have become common

Where do we find Listeria?

Слайд 26 Epidemiology of Listeriosis

Epidemiology of Listeriosis

Слайд 27 Epidemiology of Listeria Infections

Epidemiology of Listeria Infections

Слайд 28 Neonates, elderly & immunocompromised
Granulomatosis infantiseptica
Transmitted to fetus

Neonates, elderly & immunocompromisedGranulomatosis infantiseptica Transmitted to fetus transplacentally Early septicemic

transplacentally
Early septicemic form: 1-5 days post-partum
Delayed meningitic

form: 10-20 days following birth
Intracellular pathogen
Cell-mediated and humoral immunity develop
Only cell-mediated immunity is protective

Listeriosis

Слайд 29 Methods That Circumvent Phagocytic Killing
See Chpt. 19

Methods That Circumvent Phagocytic KillingSee Chpt. 19

Слайд 30 Intracellular Survival & Replication of Listeria

Intracellular Survival & Replication of Listeria

Слайд 31

Слайд 32 Erysipelothrix rhusopathiae
Gram-positive non-motile bacillus; forms filaments
Occupational disease of

Erysipelothrix rhusopathiaeGram-positive non-motile bacillus; forms filamentsOccupational disease of meat and fish

meat and fish handlers, hunters, veterinarians
Preventable with protective

gloves & clothing
Erysipeloid in humans; erysipelas in swine & turkeys
Organisms enter through break in skin
Nonsuppurative, self-limiting skin lesions with erythema and eruption
Peripheral spread may lead to generalized infection, septicemia and/or endocarditis
Organisms can be isolated from skin biopsy

Слайд 33 Epidemiology of Erysipelothrix Infection

Epidemiology of Erysipelothrix Infection

Слайд 34

Слайд 35 REVIEW

REVIEW

Слайд 36 Corynebacterium diphtheriae

⮚Respiratory diphtheria (pseudomembrane on pharynx) and cutaneous

Corynebacterium diphtheriae⮚Respiratory diphtheria (pseudomembrane on pharynx) and cutaneous diphtheria⮚Prototype A-B exotoxin

diphtheria

⮚Prototype A-B exotoxin acts systemically
Toxoid in DPT and

TD vaccines

⮚Diphtheria toxin encoded by tox gene introduced by lysogenic bacteriophage (prophage)

⮚Selective media: cysteine-tellurite; serum tellurite; Loeffler’s

⮚Gravis, intermedius, and mitis colonial morphology

REVIEW

Слайд 37 Diphtheria tox Gene in Beta Bacteriophage and Prophage
REVIEW

Diphtheria tox Gene in Beta Bacteriophage and ProphageREVIEW

Слайд 38 See Handout on Exotoxins
REVIEW

See Handout on ExotoxinsREVIEW

Слайд 39 Mechanism of Action of Diphtheria Toxin:

Mechanism of Action of Diphtheria Toxin: Inhibition of Protein SynthesisREVIEW

Inhibition of

Protein Synthesis

REVIEW

Слайд 40 Corynebacterium jeikeium

⮚Opportunistic infections in immunocompromised (e.g., patients with

Corynebacterium jeikeium⮚Opportunistic infections in immunocompromised (e.g., patients with blood disorders, bone

blood disorders, bone marrow transplants, intravenous catheters)

⮚Multiple antibiotic resistance

common (MDR)

⮚Carriage on skin of up to 40% of hospitalized patients (e.g., marrow t-plants)

REVIEW

Слайд 41 Corynebacterium urealyticum

⮚Urinary tract infections (UTI’s); rare but important

⮚Urease

Corynebacterium urealyticum⮚Urinary tract infections (UTI’s); rare but important⮚Urease hydrolyzes urea; release

hydrolyzes urea; release of NH4+, increase in pH, alkaline

urine, renal stones

REVIEW

Слайд 42 Listeria monocytogenes
⮚Gram-positive beta-hemolytic bacillus
⮚Multiply at refrigerator temperatures (4oC)
⮚Tumbling

Listeria monocytogenes⮚Gram-positive beta-hemolytic bacillus⮚Multiply at refrigerator temperatures (4oC)⮚Tumbling motility at room

motility at room temperature
CAMP Test positive (like Group B

Streptococcus)

REVIEW

Слайд 43 Epidemiology of Listeria Infections
REVIEW

Epidemiology of Listeria InfectionsREVIEW

Слайд 44 Neonates, elderly & immunocompromised
Granulomatosis infantiseptica
Transmitted to fetus

Neonates, elderly & immunocompromisedGranulomatosis infantiseptica Transmitted to fetus transplacentally Early septicemic

transplacentally
Early septicemic form: 1-5 days post-partum
Delayed meningitic

form: 10-20 days following birth
Intracellular pathogen
Cell-mediated and humoral immunity develop
Only cell-mediated immunity is protective

Listeriosis

REVIEW

Слайд 45 Intracellular Survival & Replication of Listeria
REVIEW

Intracellular Survival & Replication of ListeriaREVIEW

Слайд 46 Erysipelothrix rhusopathiae
Gram-positive non-motile bacillus; forms filaments
Occupational disease of

Erysipelothrix rhusopathiaeGram-positive non-motile bacillus; forms filamentsOccupational disease of meat and fish

meat and fish handlers, hunters, veterinarians
Preventable with protective

gloves & clothing
Erysipeloid in humans; erysipelas in swine & turkeys
Organisms enter through break in skin
Nonsuppurative, self-limiting skin lesions with erythema and eruption
Peripheral spread may lead to generalized infection, septicemia and/or endocarditis
Organisms can be isolated from skin biopsy

REVIEW

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