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Презентация на тему Psychology of management

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Module 1. Subject and history of psychology of Management
Psychology of Management Module 1. Subject and history of psychology of Management Topic 1. Psychology of Management as a ScienceManagerial Psychology is one course Management is a process of affecting particular system in order to achieve Management in all business and organizational activities is the act of getting Social managementControl of biological systems (organisms) What does social management mean?What are objectives of social management? Objectives of social management:The stateParticular regionsCommercial and non-profit organizationsUnits of organizationCertain groups of people What does organization mean? ORGANIZATION is a group of people whose activity is coordinated consciously for Any organization is an open system.To receive resources from external surrounding (input)To People are  		the most valuable 					   what any organization has Psychology of management is a branch of psychology.BehaviorCommunicationActivityIndividualityMind and etc. Person and Subject of management psychology is a psychology phenomena in management systems and Main task of managerial psychology is analyzing psychological conditions and characteristics of Objects of management include: Innovations Manufacturing Market Finance Information Supplies Personnel Control Major problem of managerial psychology is:How to motivate people to achieve goals of organization? Two main subsystems of management systemSubsystem which manageThe headManagerEmploerDirectorExecutersWorkersEmploeesStaffSubsystem which are managedSubject of managementObject of management Management structuresubject of management is one who manages.object of management is one (thing) being managed. 1. Subject of management is a manager (head) who has administrative responsibilities Can management be successful? When? Management can be successful if:Subject of management sets objectives of activity and Management is a certain type of interaction existing between management subject and change in objectchange in object behaviorcollection, transmission and processing of necessary information Feedback mechanism is ability moving information about state of management object to Systems of managementOpen-loop  control systems(no feedback)Closed-loop  control systems(with feedback ) Management is influence of managing system (subject of management) on managed system Levels of managementLevel of management is a part of organization where independent Management functions Two groups of management functions:General management functions reflect content of main stages General Topic 2. THE history of Psychology of Management building and main models SCHOOLS in management1. Classical school of managementSchool of scientific managementAdministrative school of Classical school of managementAdministrative managementemphasis on organization as a wholeMain representatives:Henri Fayol Three main moments of scientific management school creationRational organization of work:replacement of The contribution of scientific management school to the theory of managementUse of Administrative management schoolHenri Fayol (1841-1925)the first who classified studying management according to The purpose of administrative management school is creation of universal principles of The contribution of administrative management school to the theory of managementCreation of School of human relations Mary Parker Follett (1868-1933) proved necessity of scientific managerworkercaresatisfactionProductivity and efficiency The purpose of human relation school is managing enterprise influencing system The school ofhuman relationsfocused on an employee and their efficiency increase. A The basic purpose of behavioral science school:Increase of activity of the organization Main representatives of behavioral science school Chester Barnard (1886-1961) - the founder The basic ideas of human relations schoolManagement is a social and psychological Contribution of human relations school to theory of managementUsing methods of interpersonal Quantitative school of management orschool of management science contribution:Development and using models Processing approachManagement is considered as a process of continuous interconnected actions (functions);All Systematic approachOrganization is considered as complex, open, social and technical system having Systematic approachOrganization is a system:ComplexOpenSocial and technicalinputprocessfeedbackoutput Situational approachFocused on situationSituation is particular conditions influencing organization essentially during particular Models of management Models of management Theory XTheory YTheory ZMcGregorOuchiMcGregor Main representatives:Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915)Henry L. GanttFrank and Lillian GilbrethHenri Fayol (1841-1925)Max
Слайды презентации

Слайд 2 Module 1. Subject and history of psychology of Management

Module 1. Subject and history of psychology of Management

Слайд 3 Topic 1. Psychology of Management as a Science
Managerial

Topic 1. Psychology of Management as a ScienceManagerial Psychology is one

Psychology is one course or subdiscipline of Psychology or

Management, focusing the understanding the psychological insight for the whole organization behavior from the management perspective.

Слайд 4 Management is a process of affecting particular system

Management is a process of affecting particular system in order to

in order to achieve certain goals.
Any system can be

an object of management

SYSTEM is a group of interconnected elements forming single whole and cooperating for achieving goals.


Слайд 5 Management in all business and organizational activities is

Management in all business and organizational activities is the act of

the act of getting people together to accomplish desired

goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively.

Слайд 6 Social management
Control of biological systems (organisms)

Social managementControl of biological systems (organisms)

Слайд 7 What does social management mean?
What are objectives of

What does social management mean?What are objectives of social management?

social management?


Слайд 8 Objectives of social management:
The state
Particular regions
Commercial and non-profit

Objectives of social management:The stateParticular regionsCommercial and non-profit organizationsUnits of organizationCertain groups of people

organizations
Units of organization
Certain groups of people


Слайд 9 What does organization mean?

What does organization mean?

Слайд 10 ORGANIZATION is a group of people whose activity

ORGANIZATION is a group of people whose activity is coordinated consciously

is coordinated consciously for achieving certain goals.
Requirements:
two or more

people consider themselves as a part of a group;
all members of a group accept a goal or more purposes as common;
members of a group work together consciously to achieve an important goal for everyone.

Слайд 11 Any organization is an open system.
To receive resources

Any organization is an open system.To receive resources from external surrounding

from external surrounding (input)
To produce products
To return products into

external surrounding (output)

Open system deals with external surrounding.

There are 3 processes in any organization:

All these processes are realized by people.


Слайд 12 People are

the most valuable

People are 		the most valuable 					  what any organization has

what any organization has


Слайд 13 Psychology of management is a branch of psychology.
Behavior
Communication
Activity
Individuality
Mind

Psychology of management is a branch of psychology.BehaviorCommunicationActivityIndividualityMind and etc. Person

and etc.
Person and his psyche is a subject

of psychology:

Psychology of management studies psychological aspects of management.


Слайд 14 Subject of management psychology is a psychology phenomena

Subject of management psychology is a psychology phenomena in management systems

in management systems and in processes of human relationships

and communications.

Psychology of management studies following:

Psychological features of the heads and executors - their qualities and psychological characteristic of a commanding activity.
Various favorable or negative factors influencing a mental condition of a person.
Relationships between the head and executors, relationships between members of supervised collective.


Слайд 15 Main task of managerial psychology is analyzing psychological

Main task of managerial psychology is analyzing psychological conditions and characteristics

conditions and characteristics of a commanding activity in order

to improve efficiency and performance of a management system.

Psychology of management

Psychology

Theory of management


Слайд 16 Objects of management include:

Innovations
Manufacturing
Market
Finance

Objects of management include: Innovations Manufacturing Market Finance Information Supplies Personnel

Information
Supplies
Personnel
Control of these processes is connected

with management of people behavior

Слайд 17 Major problem of managerial psychology is:

How to motivate

Major problem of managerial psychology is:How to motivate people to achieve goals of organization?

people to achieve goals of organization?


Слайд 18 Two main subsystems of management system
Subsystem which manage
The

Two main subsystems of management systemSubsystem which manageThe headManagerEmploerDirectorExecutersWorkersEmploeesStaffSubsystem which are managedSubject of managementObject of management

head
Manager
Emploer
Director
Executers
Workers
Emploees
Staff
Subsystem which are managed
Subject of management
Object of management


Слайд 19 Management structure
subject of management is one who manages.
object

Management structuresubject of management is one who manages.object of management is one (thing) being managed.

of management is one (thing) being managed.


Слайд 20 1. Subject of management is a manager (head)

1. Subject of management is a manager (head) who has administrative

who has administrative responsibilities and performs administrative activity.
2. Object

of management is workers or groups of workers who are managed by the head. Subject of management influences object of management using certain management impacts.
3. Management impacts (or management methods) means system of actions used by subject of management to influence object of management.
4. System objectives are desired future state of management object. They are formulated by subject of management.

Слайд 21 Can management be successful?
When?

Can management be successful? When?

Слайд 22 Management can be successful if:

Subject of management sets

Management can be successful if:Subject of management sets objectives of activity

objectives of activity and it has motivation and possibility

to manage.

Object can achieve these objectives and it has motivation and possibility to work.

Слайд 23 Management is a certain type of interaction existing

Management is a certain type of interaction existing between management subject

between management subject and object.
In this case:

Subject of management

performs specific activities aimed at achieving a goal of management towards object of management.
Activity of managing subject includes:
knowledge of capabilities of managed object
exploring external conditions sustaining or preventing achievement of a goal by object of management
making decisions by subject of management for achieving a goal of management
Objects of management have built-in mechanism.

Слайд 24 change in object
change in object behavior
collection, transmission and

change in objectchange in object behaviorcollection, transmission and processing of necessary

processing of necessary information
making decisions
violate object behavior
inside the

object
outside

Impact

Managerial impacts

Disturbing impacts


Слайд 25 Feedback mechanism is ability moving information about state

Feedback mechanism is ability moving information about state of management object

of management object to management subject as result of

management impacts.

Direct link means move of management impacts from subject to object of management.


Слайд 26 Systems of management
Open-loop control systems
(no feedback)
Closed-loop control systems
(with

Systems of managementOpen-loop control systems(no feedback)Closed-loop control systems(with feedback )

feedback )


Слайд 27 Management is influence of managing system (subject of

Management is influence of managing system (subject of management) on managed

management) on managed system (object of management) for the

purpose to move managed system in required condition.

Слайд 28 Levels of management
Level of management is a part

Levels of managementLevel of management is a part of organization where

of organization where independent decisions can be made without

permission of higher or subordinate parts.

Слайд 30 Management functions

Management functions

Слайд 31 Two groups of management functions:
General management functions reflect

Two groups of management functions:General management functions reflect content of main

content of main stages of management process at all

hierarchical levels and for all management objects.

Integrating (background) functions include three basic types of activity which form background for realizing management process (performance of general functions) and integrate different stages of management process.


Слайд 32 General

General

Слайд 33 Topic 2. THE history of Psychology of Management

Topic 2. THE history of Psychology of Management building and main

building and main models of management
The beginning of management

is considered the beginning and development of industrial manufacture

Слайд 34 SCHOOLS in management
1. Classical school of management
School of

SCHOOLS in management1. Classical school of managementSchool of scientific managementAdministrative school

scientific management
Administrative school of management
2. School of human relations
3.

Quantitative school of management or school of management science
Processing approach
Systematic approach
Situational approach


Слайд 35 Classical school of management
Administrative management

emphasis on organization as

Classical school of managementAdministrative managementemphasis on organization as a wholeMain representatives:Henri

a whole

Main representatives:
Henri Fayol (1841-1925)
Max Weber (1864-1920)
Frederick Taylor is

the founder of the school of scientific management.
His main contribution in management science is creation of management as a scientific approach.

Scientific management

emphasis on organization of manufacture, management was considered as industrial

Main representatives:
Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915)
Henry L. Gantt
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth


Слайд 36 Three main moments of scientific management school creation
Rational

Three main moments of scientific management school creationRational organization of work:replacement

organization of work:
replacement of traditional methods of work with

rules based on analysis of work
appropriate organization of labor
organization of training for employees

Development of formal structure of enterprise

Differentiation of executive and administrative functions

Слайд 37 The contribution of scientific management school to the

The contribution of scientific management school to the theory of managementUse

theory of management
Use of the scientific analysis for defining

the best ways of object performance;
Purposeful selection of workers suitable to object performance and training of these workers;
Supply of workers with resources;
Use of material stimulation for increasing labor productivity ;
Appropriate distribution of responsibility between workers and managers

Слайд 38 Administrative management school
Henri Fayol (1841-1925)
the first who classified

Administrative management schoolHenri Fayol (1841-1925)the first who classified studying management according

studying management according to its functions – forecasting, planning,

organizing, commanding, coordinating and controlling

Harrington Emerson (1853-1931)
Researches of a staff principle in management
Concept of productivity and efficiency

Max Weber (1864-1920)
Rational bureaucracy

Слайд 39

The purpose of administrative management school is

creation

The purpose of administrative management school is creation of universal principles of management leading to success

of universal principles of management leading to success


Слайд 40 The contribution of administrative management school to the

The contribution of administrative management school to the theory of managementCreation

theory of management
Creation of universal principles of management;
The description

of management functions;
The systematized approach to management of enterprise.

Слайд 41 School of human relations
Mary Parker Follett (1868-1933)

School of human relations Mary Parker Follett (1868-1933) proved necessity of

proved necessity of scientific research of psychological aspects of

management. She defined management as "the art of getting things done through people“.

Elton Mayo (1880-1949) – the founder of school
Hawthorne experiments (1927-1933)
Proved value of social and psychological factors for increasing production efficiency

Слайд 42 manager
worker
care
satisfaction
Productivity and efficiency

managerworkercaresatisfactionProductivity and efficiency

Слайд 43 The purpose of human relation school is

The purpose of human relation school is managing enterprise influencing

managing enterprise influencing system of social and psychological factors.

Human

relations school is an effort of management to consider each organization as a social system.

Слайд 44 The school of
human relations
focused on an employee and their

The school ofhuman relationsfocused on an employee and their efficiency increase.

efficiency increase. A basis of such increase is an opportunity

to influence behavior of a person

The school of
behavioral sciences

focused on adjustment of interpersonal relations


Слайд 45 The basic purpose of behavioral science school:
Increase of

The basic purpose of behavioral science school:Increase of activity of the

activity of the organization efficiency by increasing efficiency of

human resources;
Creation of all necessary conditions for realization of each employee’s creative abilities for the purpose of awareness of own importance in management of organization.

Researchers of this school showed a role of a person’s motives and needs for their labor activity.

Motives are a main parameter of the human attitude to work.

Positive motivation is a main factor of successful work.


Слайд 46 Main representatives of behavioral science school
Chester Barnard

Main representatives of behavioral science school Chester Barnard (1886-1961) - the

(1886-1961) - the founder of school
problems of cooperation of

human activity
formal and informal structures of organization

Abraham Maslow (1908-1970). The main work is «Motivation and the person»

McGregor (1906-1964)

Слайд 47 The basic ideas of human relations school
Management is

The basic ideas of human relations schoolManagement is a social and

a social and psychological process rather than economic process;
In

a basis of management there is a person. Person is a unique individual with his(her) interests, needs and motives;
The person is social essence submitting to laws of collective;
The hard hierarchy of subordination and formalization of organizational processes is incompatible with human nature. Therefore it is necessary to create such methods of management which would control people’s behavior in groups and in organizations and which could use worker’s psychological and emotional features;
Labor productivity is influenced by psychological and social factors rather than material factors;
Managers should establish and develop loyal relations with informal working groups and their leaders.

Слайд 48 Contribution of human relations school to theory of

Contribution of human relations school to theory of managementUsing methods of

management
Using methods of interpersonal relation management
Studying informal relations
Using knowledge

about human behavior

Слайд 49 Quantitative school of management or
school of management science

Quantitative school of management orschool of management science contribution:Development and using


contribution:
Development and using models for making decision;
Development and using

quantitative methods at making decision in complex and crisis situations;
Using methods of exact sciences in research of administrative activity.

Purpose is increasing rationality of made decisions


Слайд 51 Processing approach
Management is considered as a process of

Processing approachManagement is considered as a process of continuous interconnected actions

continuous interconnected actions (functions);
All kinds of activity are integrated

into uniform chain.


Слайд 52 Systematic approach
Organization is considered as complex, open, social

Systematic approachOrganization is considered as complex, open, social and technical system

and technical system having input, output and feedback. In

system input transforms to output
All elements of system are interconnected

Слайд 53 Systematic approach
Organization is a system:
Complex
Open
Social and technical
input
process
feedback
output

Systematic approachOrganization is a system:ComplexOpenSocial and technicalinputprocessfeedbackoutput

Слайд 54 Situational approach
Focused on situation
Situation is particular conditions influencing

Situational approachFocused on situationSituation is particular conditions influencing organization essentially during

organization essentially during particular time.
Making decisions from a

particular situation

Слайд 55 Models of management
Models of management
Theory X
Theory

Models of management Models of management Theory XTheory YTheory ZMcGregorOuchiMcGregor

Y
Theory Z
McGregor
Ouchi
McGregor


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