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Презентация на тему Russian language

Russian Alphabet – 33 letters10 vowels, 21 consonants, 2 special symbols (ь,ъ)Hard vowels: a, o, y, ы, эSoft vowels: e, ё, ю, и, яConsonants – hard & softExceptions:[Ж], [ш], [ц] – always hard[Й’], [ч’], [щ’]– always
A Slavic languageRussian is the 8th most spoken language in the world Russian Alphabet – 33 letters10 vowels, 21 consonants, 2 special symbols (ь,ъ)Hard ь,ъ Ь (soft sign) – indicates the softness of the preceding consonant(1), The accentNot fixed, any syllabusMeaning of the word can depend on the Voiced and voiceless consonantsVoiced:  [б]/[б’], [в]/[в’], [г]/[г’], [д]/[д’], [ж], [з]/[з’] [М]/ After hard consonant, except [ж], [ш], [ц]:у  ->  [у] Voiced and voiceless consonantsA voiced consonant followed directly by a voiceless consonant A voiceless consonant immediately preceding one of the voiced consonants б, д, Stressed and unstressed vowelsWhen o is stressed it is pronounced like o:Во́рон Unpronounced consonants:вств -> [ств] :  здравствуй [здраствуй'] ;стн  -> [сн] Assimilation of consonants:сч   -> [с ] + [ч'] -> [щ'] http://tutrus.com/fonetika/foneticheskaya-shpargalkahttp://www.e-reading-lib.com/bookreader.php/34497/Litnevskaya_-_Russkiy_yazyk_kratkiy_teoreticheskiy_kurs.html Мама – momКак тебя зовут?/Как вас зовут? – what is your name? Ты мне нравишься – I like you (informal)Я голодный – I am
Слайды презентации

Слайд 2

Russian Alphabet – 33 letters
10 vowels, 21 consonants,

Russian Alphabet – 33 letters10 vowels, 21 consonants, 2 special symbols

2 special symbols (ь,ъ)
Hard vowels: a, o, y, ы,

э
Soft vowels: e, ё, ю, и, я

Consonants – hard & soft
Exceptions:
[Ж], [ш], [ц] – always hard
[Й’], [ч’], [щ’]– always soft


Lesson 1 Sounds and letters


Слайд 4 ь,ъ
Ь (soft sign) – indicates the softness

ь,ъ Ь (soft sign) – indicates the softness of the preceding

of the preceding consonant(1), divides a consonant from a

vowel(2) or has a grammatical function(3):
1)Пять (five), 2)вьюга (blizzard); 3) ночь (night)
Ъ (hard sign) – indicates the hardness of the preceding consonant:
Объект (object), подъезд (porch)



Слайд 5 The accent
Not fixed, any syllabus
Meaning of the word

The accentNot fixed, any syllabusMeaning of the word can depend on

can depend on the accent:
За́мок - Замо́к (castle

- lock);
до́ма - дома́ (at home - houses)

Remember!
ё is always stressed: ёлка (x-mas tree)

Слайд 6 Voiced and voiceless consonants
Voiced: [б]/[б’], [в]/[в’], [г]/[г’],

Voiced and voiceless consonantsVoiced: [б]/[б’], [в]/[в’], [г]/[г’], [д]/[д’], [ж], [з]/[з’] [М]/

[д]/[д’], [ж], [з]/[з’] [М]/ [М], [Н]/[Н’], [Р]/[Р’], [Л]/[Л’], [Й’]
Voiceless:

[п]/[п’], [ф]/[ф’], [k]/[k’], [х]/[х’], [т]/[т’], [ш], [c]/[c’], [Щ’], [Ч’], [Ц], [Х]/[Х]
Г is pronounced as [х] before k or ч :
легкий is pronounced as [л е х к и й] easy
легче is pronounced as [л е х ч е] easier
A voiced consonant in the final position is pronounced as the corresponding voiceless:
б - п гриб [г р и п] mushroom
в - ф улов [у л о ф] catch (noun)
г – к; х враг [в р а к] enemy, [б о х ] god
д - т сад [с а т] garden
ж - ш нож [н о ш] knife
з – с глаз [г л а с] eye

Слайд 7
After hard consonant, except [ж], [ш], [ц]:
у

After hard consonant, except [ж], [ш], [ц]:у -> [у] рука [ру]ка;а

-> [у] рука [ру]ка;
а ->

[а] сама [са]ма;
о -> [а] сома [са]ма;
ы -> [ы] вымыть вы[мы]ть;
е -> [ы] тестировать [ты]стировать;
After [ж], [ш] , [ц]:
у -> [у] шуметь [шу]меть;
е -> [ы] шестой [шы]стой
о -> [ы] шоколад [шы]колад;
о -> [а] шокировать [ша]кировать;
а -> [а] шары [ша]ры;
а -> [ы] лошадей ло[шы]дей;
ы -> [ы] цыплёнок [цы]плёнок;
и -> [ы] широкий [шы]рокий.
After soft consonant:
ю -> [у] любить [л'у]бить;
у -> [у] чудесный [ч'у]десный
и -> [и] миры [м'и]ры;
е -> [и] менять [м'и]нять;
я -> [и] пятак [п'и]так;
а -> [и] часы [ч'и]сы.
At the beginning of the word:
у -> [у] урок [у]рок;
а -> [а] арбуз [а]рбуз;
о -> [а] окно [а]кно;
и -> [и] игра [и]гра;
э -> [и] этаж [и]таж.



Слайд 8 Voiced and voiceless consonants
A voiced consonant followed directly

Voiced and voiceless consonantsA voiced consonant followed directly by a voiceless

by a voiceless consonant is pronounced as the corresponding

voiceless:
б - п трубка [т р у п к а] pipe
в - ф все [ф с е ] all
г – к, х мягкий [м я х к и й] soft
д - т лодка [л о т к а] boat
ж - ш ложка [л о ш к а] spoon
з - с сказка [с к а с к а] fairytale



Слайд 9 A voiceless consonant immediately preceding one of the

A voiceless consonant immediately preceding one of the voiced consonants б,

voiced consonants б, д, ж, з, г also becomes

voiced:
просьба [п р о с’ б а] a request
сделать [с д е л а т’] to complete
Golden rule of Russian language:
Mutation of vowels
жи-ши are always written with и:
Шипы - spikes
Ча-ща are always written with a:
чаща - thicket

Слайд 10 Stressed and unstressed vowels
When o is stressed it

Stressed and unstressed vowelsWhen o is stressed it is pronounced like

is pronounced like o:
Во́рон [в о р о н]

- raven
When o is not stressed it is pronounced like a:
пого́да [п а г о д а] – weather
The endings oго-eго are pronounced like oво-eво :
Сегóдня [с е в о д н я] - today
Пе́рвого [п е р в а в а] - first

Слайд 11 Unpronounced consonants:
вств -> [ств] : здравствуй [здраствуй']

Unpronounced consonants:вств -> [ств] : здравствуй [здраствуй'] ;стн -> [сн] :

;
стн -> [сн] : местный [м'эсный'] ,

тростник [трас'н'ик] ;
стл -> [сл] : счастливый [щ'асл'ивый'] ;
здн -> [зн] : поздний [поз'н'ий'];
здц -> [сц] : под уздцы [падусцы];
нтг -> [нг] : рентген [р'энг'эн];
ндц -> [нц] : голландцы [галанцы];
рдц -> [рц] : сердце [с'эрцэ] ;
рдч -> [рч'] : сердчишко [с'эрч'ишка] ;
лнц -> [нц] : солнце [сонцэ] ;
[й'] is not pronounced between vowels : моего [маиво]
***
тся, ться in the verbs -> [ца] : умываться [умываца] ;
-тск- in the adjectives -> [цк] : детский [д'эцк'ий']



Слайд 12 Assimilation of consonants:
сч -> [с ]

Assimilation of consonants:сч  -> [с ] + [ч'] -> [щ']

+ [ч'] -> [щ'] /[щ'ч'] : счастье [щ'аст'й'э],

с чем-то [щ'эмта]-[щ'ч'эмта] ;
сш -> [с ] + [ш] -> [ш:], [ш]: сшить [ш:ыт']= [шыт'];
сщ ->[с ] + [щ'] -> [щ'] : расщепить [ращ''ип'ит'] ;
зч -> [з ] + [ч'] -> [щ'] : грузчик [грущ'ик], рассказчик [раскащ'ик]
сж -> [c ] + [ж] ->[ж:] : сжать [жжат'] ;
зж ->[з ] + [ж] -> [ж:], [ж]: изжить [ижжыт']= [ижыт'];
тс, дс, тьс -> [т ] + [с] -> [цц], [ц] или [цс] : мыться [мыцца]=[мыца], отсылать [ацсылат'];
тс ->[т ] + [ц] -> [цц], [ц]: отцепить [аццып'ит']=[ацып'ит'];
тч ->[т ] + [ч'] -> [ч'ч'], [ч']: отчет [ач'ч'От']=[ач'От'];
тщ ->[т ] + [щ'] -> [ч'щ'] : отщепить [ач'щ'ип'ит'];
чт -> [шт] / [ч'т]: чтобы [штобы], нечто [н'эч'та] ;
чн -> [шн] : конечно [канешна], скучно [скушна] ;



Слайд 13 http://tutrus.com/fonetika/foneticheskaya-shpargalka
http://www.e-reading-lib.com/bookreader.php/34497/Litnevskaya_-_Russkiy_yazyk_kratkiy_teoreticheskiy_kurs.html

http://tutrus.com/fonetika/foneticheskaya-shpargalkahttp://www.e-reading-lib.com/bookreader.php/34497/Litnevskaya_-_Russkiy_yazyk_kratkiy_teoreticheskiy_kurs.html

Слайд 14 Мама – mom
Как тебя зовут?/Как вас зовут? –

Мама – momКак тебя зовут?/Как вас зовут? – what is your

what is your name? (informal, formal)
Дедушка – grandpa
Кто это?

– who is this?
Далеко – far away
До свидания - good bye
Спасибо – thank you
Дети – children
Друг – friend

Vocabulary 1


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