Презентация на тему The struve geodetic arcensemble of memorable sites

meridian -

slab -

Give one word which means the same

geodesy

collaboration

accurate

longitude

plaque, plate

a flat shape with 3 straight sides and 3

angles
a part of a circle or a curved line
a pile of stones which mark a special place
the branch of science concerned with determining the exact position of geographical points and the shape and size of the earth
a method of surveying in which an area is divided into triangles, one side (the base line) and all angles of which are measured and the lengths of the other lines calculated trigonometrically

Give one word which means the same

map

triangle

arc

cairn

geodesy

triangulation

Make adjectives from the following nouns (mind

the stress)

accurate

geodetic

memorable

scientific

triangle, triangular

the following verbs
measurement
collaboration

establishment

triangulations stretching from Hammerfest in Norway to the Black

Sea, through 10 countries and over 2,820 km, which provided the first accurate measurement of a meridian. This helped to establish the exact size and shape of the planet and marked an important step in the development of earth sciences.

between 1816 and 1855 by the German-born Russian astronomer

Wilhelm Struve. At that time, the chain passed through two countries: Union of Sweden- Norway and the Russian Empire. The Arc's first point is located in Tartu Observatory (modern Estonia) where Struve conducted much of his research.

with 265 main station points. Nowadays only 34 original

station points remain. In 2005, the chain was included on the World Heritage List as a memorable ensemble of these 34 sites.

majestic constructions. They are marked by drilled holes in

rocks, iron crosses, cairns, or built obelisks.

(2)
5. Estonia (3)
6. Latvia (2)
7. Lithuania (3)
8. Belarus (5)
9.

Moldova (1)
10. Ukraine (4)
5 of 34 memorable sites are situated in Belarus

Nowadays the Arc of 34 memorable sites is stretching through 10 countries:

that the Earth was not flat. It had been

established in the 16th century that the Earth was round, but as early as the 17th century Isaac Newton suggested it might be slightly flattened at the poles. The expeditions sent to Lapland and Peru in the 18th century proved this theory correct. But the problem of the size of the Earth remained unsolved and had become even more complex, as it was known that it was not a perfect sphere.

History

used. According to this method, a line could be

measured accurately, while the long distances were covered by a chain of triangles. These triangles with each of their sides (base lines) as long as 100 km and each triangle in the chain having one common base line with at least one other triangle and two common corners (station points) with another triangle.

of Vienna and the decision in 1815 to establish

agreed international borders in Europe, required accurate mapping. These needs were strongly felt in Russia, where Tsar Alexander I provided Wilhelm Struve, German-born Russian astronomer with all the resources for his project for a new long geodetic arc

modern Estonia (Tartu), decided that the arc would follow

a line of longitude (meridian) passing through the observatory of the university.

among scientists from different countries, and of collaboration between

monarchs for a scientific cause. In Finland, the Struve Geodetic Arc is also known as the Russo-Scandinavian meridian arc.
The meridian measurements carried out for the Struve Geodetic Arc are surprisingly accurate and the results have been used for many scientific purposes.

The Importance of the Arc

on satellite positioning, some of them having an accuracy

of only a few millimeters. 
GPS – Global Positioning System

From triangulation to satellite-based measurement

Ivatsevichi.

20 rubles, Belarus
The Struve Geodetic arc in Belarus

isn’t it?
2) What method was created in the 17th

century to establish the size of the planet?
3) Why did the European countries need accurate mapping in the 1st half of the 19th century?
4) Wilhelm Struve was a German astronomer who lived in Estonia, wasn’t he?
5) Why was the result of Struve’s work so important?

Answer the questions