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Moscow
by Vladimir Bezverhov
Teacher Berlet Irina
Yekaterinburg, 2015
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Moscow is the capital of Russia, its political,
economic, commercial and cultural center. It was founded 8
centuries ago by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky. Historians have accepted the year of 1147 as the start of Moscow's history.
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The city became more and more powerful. In
the 13th century Moscow was the centre of the
straggle of Russian lands for the liberation from the tartar yoke. In the 16th century under Ivan the Terrible Moscow became the capital of the new united state.
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Though Peter the Great moved the capital to
St Petersburg in 1712, Moscow remained the heart of
Russia. That is why , it became the main target of Napoleon's attack. Three-quarters of the city was destroyed by fire during Napoleon's occupation, but by the mid-19th century Moscow had been completely restored.
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After the October revolution Moscow became the capital
again.
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Now Moscow is one of the largest cities
in Europe. Its total area is about nine hundred
square kilometers (ancient Moscow occupied the territory of the present-day Kremlin). The population of the city is over 9 million..
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Moscow is one of the most beautiful cities
in the world. The heart of Moscow is Red
Square. The Kremlin and St Basil's Cathedral are masterpieces of ancient Russian architecture.
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The main Kremlin tower, the Spasskaya Tower, has
become the symbol of the country. On the territory
of the Kremlin you can see old cathedrals, the Bell Tower of Ivan the Great, the Tzar-Cannon and the Tzar-Bell, the biggest cannon and bell in the world.
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St Basil's Cathedral was built in the mid-16th
century in memory of the victory over Kazan. There's
a legend that Ivan the Terrible blinded the architectors Barma and Postnik, because he didn't want them to create another masterpiece.
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There are a lot of beautiful palaces, old
cathedrals, churches and monuments in Moscow. Now Moscow is
being reconstructed and we all hope that in a few years the city will become even more beautiful.
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There ara more than 100 museums in Moscow.
The largest museums are the Pushkin Museum of Fine
Arts and the State Tretyakov Gallery. Other museums in Moscow include the All-Russia Museum of Folk Arts, the Andrei Rublev Museum of Early Russian Art, Alexei Bakhrushin Theatre Museum, Mikhail Glinka Museum of Musical Culture and many others.
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The Moscow Zoo, founded in 1864, is the
largest zoo in Russia. It contains more than 3,000
specimen of 550 ones.
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The Tretyakov Gallery.
Every year 14 million
people visit this museum.
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The highest monument is the 107-metre-tall obelisk called
"To the Conquerors of Space" (1967) located in Prospect
Mira.
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Over 1,200 main libraries operate in Moscow. The
Russian State Library is the largest library in Russia,
and it ranks as one of the largest libraries in the world.
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Moscow is a city of students. There are
over 100 higher educational institutions in it.
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Moscow is the seat of the Russian Parliament
(the Duma) and the center of political life of
the country.
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I have never been to Moscow. I would
like to go there next summer.