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Useful expressions and linking words/phrases
• To list points:
Firstly,
First of all, In the first place, To begin/start
with, Secondly, Thirdly, Finally
• To list advantages:
One/Another/A further/An additional (major) advantage of… is … The main/greatest/first advantage of… is …
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• To list disadvantages:
One/Another/ A further/An additional (major)
disadvantage/drawback of. The main/greatest/most serious/first disadvantage /drawback of… Another
negative aspect of…
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Some/many/most people/experts/scientist/skeptics/critics
claim/suggest/argue/feel that…
maintain/believe/point out/agree/hold that…
advocate (+ing/noun)/support the view
that…
oppose the view that…
are in favour of/against…
are of the
opinion that/convinced that…
are opposed to ((+ing/noun)…
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• To add more points to the same topic:
in
addition (to this), furthermore, moreover, besides, apart from, what
is more, as well as, not to mention (the fact) that, also, not only … but also/as well, both … and, There is another side to the issue/question/argument of…
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• To make contrasting points:
on the other hand, however,
still, yet, but, nonetheless, nevertheless, even so,
it may be
said/argued/claimed that,…
others/many people oppose this viewpoint/strongly disagree…, claim/feel/believe this argument is incorrect/misguided
although, though, even though, while, whilst, whereas, despite/in spite of (the fact that), regardless of the fact that
Opponents of … argue/believe/claim that…
The fact that… contradicts the belief/idea that…
While it is true to say that…, in fact…
While/Although …, it cannot be denied that…
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• To introduce examples:
for example, for instance, such
as, like, in particular, particularly, especially, This is (clearly)
illustrated/shown by the fact that… One/A clear/striking/ typical example of (this)… The fact that…. shows/illustrates that…
• To emphasise a point:
clearly, obviously, it is obvious, naturally, of course, needless to say, indeed
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• To express reality:
In fact, the fact (of
the matter) is, actually, in practice, it is a
fact that, in effect
• To make general statements:
as a (general) rule, generally, in general, on the whole, by and large, in most cases
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• To make partially correct statements:
I agree to
a certain extent/degree, to some extent/degree, in a way/sense,
this is partly true (but), to a limited extent, there is some truth in (this), in some cases, up to a point
• To explain/clarify a point:
in other words, that is to say, this/which means that
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• To express cause:
owing to, due to
(the fact that), on account of, on the grounds
that, given that, because, as, since
• To express effect:
therefore, thus, as a result/consequence, consequently, so, for this reason, if… were to happen, … the effect/result would be…
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• To express intention:
to, so as to,
in order to, so that, with the intention of
(+ing)
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Conclusion expressing balanced considerations/opinion indirectly
In conclusion,
On balance,
All things
considered,
Taking everything into account/consideration,
To conclude,
To sum up,
All in all,
Finally/Lastly,
…………………….
it can be said/claimed that …
……………………. it seems/appears that…
……………………. it would seem that…
……………………. it is likely/unlikely/possible/foreseeable that …
……………………. it is clear/obvious that…
…………………….. there is no/little doubt that …
…………………….. it is true to say that …
…………………….. although it must be said that …
……………………. it may be concluded/said that …
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Conclusion expressing opinion directly
In conclusion,
On balance,
All things considered,
Taking
everything into account/consideration,
To conclude,
To sum up,
All in all,
…………………………… it
is my belief/opinion that …
………………………….. I (firmly) believe/feel/think that …
…………………………… I am convinced that …
…………………………… I am inclined to believe that …
…………………………… I (do not) agree that/with …
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Expressions for essays suggesting solutions to problems: