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Negative
Long Form
I/You have not visited
He/She/It has not visited
We/You/They
have not visited
Short Form
I/You haven’t visited
He/She/It hasn’t visited
We/You/They haven’t
visited
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Interrogative
Have I/you visited?
Has he/she/it visited?
Have we/you/they visited?
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Short answer
Yes, I/you have. No,
I/You haven’t.
Yes, he/she/it has. No, he/she/it hasn’t.
Yes, we/you/they
have.
No, we/you/they haven’t.
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We form
the present perfect
with
the auxiliary verb have/has and past participle of the
main verb.
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We usually form
the past participle of
regular verbs by adding –ed to the verb.
Stay-stayed
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We form
questions by putting have/has before
the subject.
f.E.Has she done her homework?
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We form
negations by putting not between
have/has and the past participle.
f.E. They haven’t
phoned yet.
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Use
We use the present
perfect:
for action which started in the past and continue
up to the present.
He has worked in this company for five years.(= He started working in the company five years ago and he still works there.)
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to talk about a past action which has
a visible result in the present.
He has sprained his
ankle. He can’t walk.
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for actions which happened at an unstated time
in the past. The action is more important than
the time.
He has been in Spain twice.
( When? We don’t know.
Time is not stated.)
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with today, this morning/afternoon, etc when these periods
of time are not finished at the time of
speaking. She has typed five letters this afternoon. (It is still afternoon.)
to refer to an experience. Have you ever been to Italy?