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The United States of America is the fourth
largest country in the world (after Russia, Canada and
China).
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It is situated in the central part of
the North American Continent. It also includes Alaska and
Hawaii. The USA borders on Canada in the north and on Mexico on the south. The total area of the country is more than nine million square kilometers.
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It is washed by the Pacific Ocean in
the west and the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf
of Mexico in the east.
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It is a very large country, so the
climate is different from state to state. It is
mostly temperate but tropical in Hawaii and Florida, and arctic in Alaska.
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The most important rivers in the USA are
the Mississippi, the Colorado, the Ohio and the Hudson
River. The main mountain chains are the Cordillera in the west and the Appalachian Mountains in the east. The Great Lakes on the border with Canada are the largest and the deepest in the USA.
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Natural resources include nickel, lead, silver, iron, petroleum,
natural gas and others.
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The USA is called ‘the nation of immigrants’.
The country was settled, built and developed by generations
of immigrants and their children. Many different cultural traditions, ethic sympathies, racial groups and religions make up people of the USA. The population of the country is about 265 million people.
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The United States is a democratic federal republic.
It comprises 50 states including the District of Columbia,
where the capital of the country is situated.
The largest state is Alaska, and the smallest is Rhode Island. Each state has its own legislature.
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Head of the State is the President, who
is elected every four years.
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Washington DC (District of Columbia) is the capital
of the country and the seat of the government.
The
Capitol, where the Congress meets is in the centre of the city.
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The White House, the residence of the President,
is the oldest public building in Washington and one
of the most beautiful.
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There are two political parties in the USA:
the Republican and the Democratic.
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The largest cities of the USA are:
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The flag of the United States of America
is called “Stars and Stripes”. There are three colours
on the flag- red, white and blue. Americans are proud of their flag and display it in many places.
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One of the famous symbols of the USA
is the Statue of Liberty.
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The Statue of Liberty was put up in
New York Harbor in 1886. It was designed by
Bartholdi, a French sculptor, who worked ten years at it. Then the statue was taken to pieces and shipped across the Atlantic as a gift from the French government to the United States.
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The statue of Liberty is a woman who
holds a torch up high. She symbolizes a welcome
to a land of freedom.
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Here is the Mount Rushmore Memorial.
The construction
of this memorial began in 1925. Gutzon Borglum, a
famous American sculptor, carved on the face of Mount Rushmore the heads of Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln and Roosevelt.
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This tremendous work, which took fourteen years to
complete, was finished in 1941.
These gigantic heads are
eighteen metres high. This memorial is often visited by the tourists who come to the USA.