INTRODUCTIONPulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that mainly affect the lungs parenchyma.TB is a contagious bacterial (M. tuberculosis)infection that mainly affects the lungs parenchyma, but may spread to other organs.
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INTRODUCTION Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that
mainly affect the lungs parenchyma. TB is a contagious bacterial
(M. tuberculosis)infection that mainly affects the lungs parenchyma, but may spread to other organs.
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Incidence and Prevalence 1/3rd of the world’s population is
infected with M. tuberculosis Tuberculosis remains one of the top
three killers
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Cause Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which produces
characteristic tuberculous changes in the lung. The causative agent
of tuberculosis was discovered by Koch In 1882.
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TB spread from person to person by airborne
transmission. Talking Coughing Sneezing Laughing
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Risk factors CLOSE CONTACT WITH SOME ONE WHO HAVE
ACTIVE TB. IMMUNO COMPROMISED STATUS (ELDERLY,CANCER) DRUG ABUSE AND
ALCOHOLISM PEOPLE LACKING ADEQUATE HEALTH CARE PRE EXISTING MEDICAL CONDITIONS (DIABETES MELLITUS,CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE) IMMIGRANTS FROM COUNTRIES WITH HIGHER INCIDENCE OF TB. LIVING IN SUBSTANDARD CONDITIONS
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Tuberculosis is either latent or active. If you have
latent tuberculosis (TB), you do not have symptoms and cannot spread
the disease to others. If you have active TB, you do have symptoms and can spread the disease to others.
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Symptoms Breathing difficulty Chest pain Cough (usually with mucus) Coughing up blood Excessive sweating,
especially at night Fatigue Fever Weight loss Wheezing Anorexia
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Tuberculosis treatment The standard «short» course treatment for tuberculosis
(TB), is isoniazid , rifampicin , pyrazinamide , and
ethambutol.
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Prevention TB is preventable, even in those who have
been exposed to an infected person. Skin testing for
TB is used in high risk populations or in people who may have been exposed to TB, such as health care workers. Some countries with a high incidence of TB give people a BCG vaccination to prevent TB.