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Презентация на тему Initial Care of Burns
Содержание
- 2. What is a burn?Cutaneous injury caused by heat, electricity, chemicals, friction, or radiation.
- 3. Burn Depth
- 4. First Degree BurnsEpidermis affected onlyRed or pink,
- 5. Superficial Partial Thickness Entire epidermis & portion
- 6. Deep partial thicknessReticular dermisMottled red and whiteNot
- 7. Deep Partial Thickness x
- 8. Full Thickness: 3rd degreeMay go into
- 9. Etiology
- 10. Types of burns
- 11. Circumstances of injury
- 12. Where do burns occur
- 13. Admissions by age
- 14. Inhalation InjuryExposure to heat and toxic products
- 15. Inhalation injury diagnosisClosed-space fireFace burns
- 16. TerminologyInhalation injury “nonspecific”Thermal injuryUpper airwayHeat and toxic fumesLocal chemical irritationThroughout airwayPrimarily toxic fumesSystemic toxicityCO
- 17. Signs and symptomsLacrimationCoughHoarsenessDyspneaDisorientationAnxietyWheezingConjunctivitisCarbonaceous sputumSinged hairsStridorBronchorrhea
- 18. PathophysiologyThe main factor responsible for mortality in
- 19. Determine Burn Severity% BSA involvedDepth of injuryAgeAssociated/pre-existing disease or illnessBurns to face, hands, genitaliaxx
- 20. Burn ExtentTotal Body Surface Area (TBSA)?Rule of ninesLund and Browder chartPatients palm = about 1% TBSA
- 21. Extent of Burn :“Rule of Nines”Adult anatomical
- 22. Burn DepthFactorsTemperatureDuration of contactDermal thicknessBlood supplySpecial Consideration: Very young and very old have thinner skin
- 23. Burns begin at 44 degrees C6 hours
- 24. Pain control
- 25. Ice Pack-----DO NOT USE EVERDOES NOTReverse temperatureInhibit destructionPrevent edemaDOESDelay edemaReduce pain
- 26. Non-medication methodsCover burns with plastic wrapWet dressings
- 27. MedicationMedicationsOpioidsNarcoticsPain medicationsIV Analgesia
- 28. Resuscitation
- 29. IV access< 15% TBSA – oral resuscitation15
- 30. Field resuscitationStart IV with LR, through burn
- 31. Contact
- 32. Contact Burn
- 33. Scald Burn
- 34. Flame Burn
- 35. Grease Burn
- 36. Скачать презентацию
- 37. Похожие презентации
What is a burn?Cutaneous injury caused by heat, electricity, chemicals, friction, or radiation.
Слайд 2
What is a burn?
Cutaneous injury caused by heat,
electricity, chemicals, friction, or radiation.
Слайд 4
First Degree Burns
Epidermis affected only
Red or pink, dry,
painful, blanches to touch
Epidermis is intact
Spontaneous healing within 7
days. Outer injured epithelial cells peelSeldom clinically significant
Слайд 5
Superficial Partial Thickness
Entire epidermis & portion of dermis
(Papillary dermis)
Homogenous pink
Painful
Blisters
Blanches
Hair usually intact
Does not scar, may pigment
differently
Слайд 6
Deep partial thickness
Reticular dermis
Mottled red and white
Not painful
to pinprick or pressure
Does not blanch
Heals > 3 weeks
Usually
scarsNeed to excise and graft
Слайд 8
Full Thickness:
3rd degree
May go into fat or
deeper
Red, white, brown, black
Inelastic and leathery
painless or numb
Heals only
from the peripheryAlways excise and graft
Слайд 14
Inhalation Injury
Exposure to heat and toxic products of
combustion
50% of fire deaths are related to inhalation injuries
Asphyxia/Carbon
Monoxide displacement of oxygen
Слайд 16
Terminology
Inhalation injury “nonspecific”
Thermal injury
Upper airway
Heat and toxic fumes
Local
chemical irritation
Throughout airway
Primarily toxic fumes
Systemic toxicity
CO
Слайд 17
Signs and symptoms
Lacrimation
Cough
Hoarseness
Dyspnea
Disorientation
Anxiety
Wheezing
Conjunctivitis
Carbonaceous sputum
Singed hairs
Stridor
Bronchorrhea
Слайд 18
Pathophysiology
The main factor responsible for mortality in thermally
injured patients
Carbon monoxide the most common toxin
200 times greater
affinityCompetitive inhibition with cytochrome P-450
Слайд 19
Determine Burn Severity
% BSA involved
Depth of injury
Age
Associated/pre-existing disease
or illness
Burns to face, hands, genitalia
xx
Слайд 20
Burn Extent
Total Body Surface Area (TBSA)?
Rule of nines
Lund
and Browder chart
Patients palm = about 1% TBSA
Слайд 21
Extent of Burn :“Rule of Nines”
Adult anatomical areas
= 9% BSA (or multiple)
Not accurate for infants or
children due to larger BSA of head & smaller BSA legs. Burn diagrams illustrate adult – child differences
Слайд 22
Burn Depth
Factors
Temperature
Duration of contact
Dermal thickness
Blood supply
Special Consideration: Very
young and very old have thinner skin
Слайд 23
Burns begin at 44 degrees C
6 hours for
burns to occur at
111 degrees F (44 C)
1 second
of burns to occur at140 degrees F (60 C)
Слайд 25
Ice Pack-----DO NOT USE EVER
DOES NOT
Reverse temperature
Inhibit destruction
Prevent
edema
DOES
Delay edema
Reduce pain
Слайд 26
Non-medication methods
Cover burns with plastic wrap
Wet dressings will
stick and cause more pain
Other burn dressings are expensive
and not necessaryQuik Clot is expensive and will not provide any patient benefit
Слайд 29
IV access
< 15% TBSA – oral resuscitation
15 –
40% TBSA – one large bore IV
> 40% --
two large bore IV’sIV’s should be in the upper extremities
Suture IV’s started through burns
Слайд 30
Field resuscitation
Start IV with LR, through burn OK
