Презентация на тему Therapyю Mental illness

therapeutic effects on biological processes
System of psychological methods

of therapeutic effects on the psyche

- a set of measures,
aimed at
maximum
adaptation
the mentally ill into society and
their restoration
professional
functioning.

OPTIONS

van Hemessen)? "Removing the stones of stupidity." 1545-1550 gg.

indications:
  resistant depression
  Catatonic syndrome
  resistant schizophrenia
Insulin shock

therapy - administration of increasing doses of insulin to the development of hypoglycemic com.
Indications: treatment-resistant schizophrenia.

patients with schizophrenia.
Stereotactic brain surgery
INDICATIONS:
brain tumor
epilepsy,
resistant depression,
obsessive-compulsive disorders,
addiction.

of regulating disturbed mental activity and are used to

treat mental illness.

a group of drugs that have a predominant influence on psychological processes.

PSYCHOTROPIC
(Psychopharmacological)
FACILITIES

delusions and hallucinations?)
The first neuroleptic - chlorpromazine (chlorpromazine), which

is synthesized as an antihistamine in 1950; its efficacy has been found in 1952 year.

The main mechanism of action of antipsychotic drugs - a blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors.

CLASSIFICATION
TYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC

MOSTLY WITH SEDATION

PREFERABLY WITH AN ANTIPSYCHOTIC ACTION

1998;32:215–228;
Lehmann HE, Ban TA. Can J Psychiatry 1997;42:152–162.
Ziprasidone
Традиционные нейролептики
Атипичные

антипсихотики

negative symptoms of schizophrenia

- They have minimal affinity for

dopamine receptor and block the serotonin

for example
Clozapine (azaleptin, leponeks) -
Risperidone (rispolept, speridan)
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)

ATYPICAL
Antipsychotics

the cardiovascular system
  no sex disorders
  prolactinemia
  weight gain
efficiency

in positive symptoms
  efficiency in negative symptoms
  efficiency resistant cases

FEATURE ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS

after the / m is gradually released from the

depot in the muscle and blood have a therapeutic effect for a long time (up to 1 month)

Preparations:
Haloperidol decanoate
Klopiksol depot
Rispolept-Consta

dyskinesia
Alpha1-adrenergic receptors - the blockade:
Lowering blood pressure
Dizziness
Drowsiness
Alpha 1
Н1
М1
H1-histamine receptors

- the blockade:
Weight gain
Drowsiness

M1 receptors - the blockade:
Constipation
Dry mouth
Drowsiness
The narrowing of visual fields

typical
antipsychotics

D2 receptors -blok
antipsychotic effect
hyperprolactinemia
negative symptoms
tardive dyskinesia

intensive care unit
cancellation of neuroleptics
infusion therapy and so forth.
ADVERSE

EFFECTS
antipsychotics

A LIFE-THREATENING CONDITION OF THE PATIENT!

hypothermia (chlorpromazine).

In anesthesiology and resuscitation - leptoanalgesia (droperidol), as

part of some "political" mixtures.

In dermatology - for the treatment of neurodermatitis, itching dermatoses (Tisercinum, sonapaks, etaperazin).
 
In therapy - treatment of hiccups, nausea and vomiting due to inhibition of the vomiting center at the blockade of dopamine receptors (etaperazin).

USE OF NEUROLEPTICS IN MEDICAL PRACTICE

EFFECT

SEDATIVES
EFFECT
MIASER
Citalopram (Cipramil)
Sertraline (Zoloft)

Paroxetine (Paxil)
Milnacipran (Ixel)
Venlafaxine (Velaksin)
Mirtazapine (Remeron)
Imipramine (imipramine)
Doxepin (Doxepin)
Agomelatine

(melitor)

Tianeptine (tianeptine)

BALANCED

retention
Sexual dysfunction
Orthostatic hypotension
proaritmogennoe effect
asequence
Reduced secretion of bronchial glands

secretion of salivary glands
Diarrhea
Nausea
Sexual dysfunction

To do a calm, serene) introduced the American psychiatrist

C. Rush in 1810, naming them so designed wooden chair strait.

The main effect of tranquilizers
anxiolytic
tranquilizing

The first tranquilizers:
chlordiazepoxide - 1959,
diazepam - 1961.

sedation
long-acting
(T½ 20-60 hours)
Phenazepam
Diazepam
Nitrazepam
with challenging
EFFECT
("Day"
tranquilizers)
Tofisopam (Grandaxinum)
TRANQUILIZER

period of decompensation

  Withdrawal symptoms and metaalkogol psychosis (on

the background of detoxification therapy)

  Sleep disorders (oxazepam, nitrazepam)

  Spastic syndrome (clonazepam)

reaction, coordination of movements.

  Drowsiness for drugs with a

sedative effect.

  Muscular weakness

  Formation of dependence - according to WHO recommendations tranquilizers therapy should not exceed 2 weeks!

Barbiturates (phenobarbital contained in korvalola, valokordin?)
  - Antihistamines, drugs

containing bromine

3 Generation

Zolpidem (Ivadal) and zopiclone (imovan)
  quick effect, short duration of action, few side effects.

the minimum effective dose
Short courses (no more than 2-3

weeks)

Intermittent procedure (2-4 times per week)

Phasing-out

preparations
(Carbonate Li, Sedalia, Mical)
mood stabilizers

nervous system activity
Take off drowsiness
Strengthen mental and physical performance

(briefly)
Improve the ability to concentrate

improve storage
Facilitate thinking and speech
Increases activity, vigor
Reduce the need for food
Reduce the need for sleep

of overdose - to the development of:
intoxication delirium,
mania,
depression
hyperkinesis
side effects

effect on the higher integrative brain function, stimulate learning

and memory, im prove mental performance (efficiency) and increase resistance to brain damaging factors (stress tolerance), without the typical side effects of psychostimulants.

functions).
 Mnemotropnoe effect (effect on memory, learning).
 Raising the level of

consciousness, mental clarity.
 Adaptogenic effect (effect on tolerance to various exogenous factors, including drugs, increasing the overall resistance of the organism to extreme factors).
 Antiastenic effects (effects on fatigue, weakness, exhaustion, mental and physical effects of fatigue).
 Psychoactive effects (impact on apathy, hypobulia, aspontannost poverty motives, mental inertia, psychomotor retardation).
 The antidepressant action.
 Sedation, reducing irritability and emotional excitability.
 Vegetative effects (effect on headache, dizziness).

asthenic conditions
  Chronic intoxication
  Neurological diseases
  To improve mental

performance

In pediatric practice:
delayed speech and mental development,
mental retardation,
the effects of perinatal CNS,
cerebral palsy,
attention deficit disorder in children.

Side effects:
  sleep disorders,
  anxiety

of complex therapeutic effects using psychological tools on the

patient's psyche