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Презентация на тему Early american literature

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2. Early discoveriesLief Ericson and the VikingsOpened the
3. Columbus’s coat of arms
4. ColonizationSpanish colonies – Mexico, West Indies, South
6. Massachusetts Bay ColonyPuritans, Separatists (set out for
7. ColoniesThe Middle Atlantic Colonies - Pennsylvania and
8. ColoniesThe Southern Colonies- Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina,
9. Time line1634 – Maryland accepted Catholics1638 –
10. Time Line1692 – The Salem Witch trials1702
11. Salem Witch TrialsFebruary 1692 and May 1693"And
12. Ben FranklinInventing – Stove, lightning rod, bifocalsMedicine
13. Franklin’s AlmanackBegan publishing Poor Richard's Almanack on
14. Franklin’s AlmanackLight purse, heavy heart.Great Talkers, little
15. 13 virtues to live bytemperance silence order
16. Background Diversity of cultures: Native Americans
17. BackgroundDiversity of genres:Until the 17th century –
18. Between 1820 ad 1865Fiction: sentimental novel, Gothic
19. 18th and 19th centuries B.Franklin, Thomas Paine,
20. Frontier novelJames Fenimore Cooper (1789-1851)Adventure romances, set
21. James Fenimore Cooper1821 – The Spy: A
22. James Fenimore CooperNatty Bumpoo – the Leatherstocking,
23. James Fenimore CooperNatty Bumpoo – combines Indian
24. Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)
25. Edgar Allan PoeFoster family6 – 11 –
26. Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)Gothic fiction which aspired
30. Edgar Allan Poe1840 – The Fall of
31. Edgar Allan Poe - poetry1845 – The
32. The Romantic Period (1820-1860)The first great literary
33. The Romantic Period (1820-1860)Heroic figures larger than
34. The Romantic Period (1820-1860)One reason – the
35. Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864)The House of the Seven
36. The Scarlet Letter (1850)An allegory of sin
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38. Похожие презентации

Early discoveriesLief Ericson and the VikingsOpened the way for other Viking voyagesRough sea, climate and injuries1963 – the ruins of some Viking houses found at L’Anse-aux-Meadows in Newfoundland

Early American LiteraturePuritan Culture

ColonizationSpanish colonies – Mexico, West Indies, South America, FloridaFrench – parts of

Massachusetts Bay ColonyPuritans, Separatists (set out for the New World in 1620)The

ColoniesThe Middle Atlantic Colonies - Pennsylvania and NYPhiladelphia – busy docks and

ColoniesThe Southern Colonies- Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina Georgia – mostly

Time line1634 – Maryland accepted Catholics1638 – Massachusetts restricted religious freedom1646 –

Time Line1692 – The Salem Witch trials1702 – the Anglican church made

Salem Witch TrialsFebruary 1692 and May 1693

Ben FranklinInventing – Stove, lightning rod, bifocalsMedicine – founded first US hospitalPrinting

Franklin’s AlmanackBegan publishing Poor Richard's Almanack on December 28, 1732Published for 25

Franklin’s AlmanackLight purse, heavy heart.Great Talkers, little Doers.Distrust & caution are the

13 virtues to live bytemperance silence order resolution frugality industry sincerity justice

Background Diversity of cultures: Native Americans (all over the continent); Spanish

BackgroundDiversity of genres:Until the 17th century – no realistic novel and no

Between 1820 ad 1865Fiction: sentimental novel, Gothic romance, adventure and historical romanceWestern

18th and 19th centuries B.Franklin, Thomas Paine, Thomas Jefferson (Declaration of Independence)The

Frontier novelJames Fenimore Cooper (1789-1851)Adventure romances, set in American WestSuccessfully emulated Sir

James Fenimore Cooper1821 – The Spy: A Tale of the Neutral Ground

James Fenimore CooperNatty Bumpoo – the Leatherstocking, the Deer Slayer, the HawkeyeDifferent

James Fenimore CooperNatty Bumpoo – combines Indian (the wild nature) and white

Edgar Allan PoeFoster family6 – 11 – England, boarding schoolUniversity of Virginia1829

Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)Gothic fiction which aspired to the Romantic ideals of

Edgar Allan Poe1840 – The Fall of the House of Usher –

Edgar Allan Poe - poetry1845 – The Raven and Other PoemsThe Raven

The Romantic Period (1820-1860)The first great literary generationWalt Whitman, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Herman

The Romantic Period (1820-1860)Heroic figures larger than life, burning with mystic significanceProtagonists

The Romantic Period (1820-1860)One reason – the absence of settled, traditional community

Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864)The House of the Seven Gables – the idea of

The Scarlet Letter (1850)An allegory of sin and redemption Life under a

Herman Melville (1819 – 1891)Descendant of a wealthy family which turned poorSea

Слайды презентации

Слайд 2 Early discoveries
Lief Ericson and the Vikings
Opened the way

Early discoveriesLief Ericson and the VikingsOpened the way for other Viking

for other Viking voyages
Rough sea, climate and injuries
1963 –

the ruins of some Viking houses found at L’Anse-aux-Meadows in Newfoundland

Слайд 3 Columbus’s coat of arms

Слайд 4 Colonization
Spanish colonies – Mexico, West Indies, South America,

ColonizationSpanish colonies – Mexico, West Indies, South America, FloridaFrench – parts

Florida
French – parts of Canada
Dutch – NYC
England – the

dominant colonizer
Jamestown; Massachusetts Bay Colony, New Netherland

Слайд 5

Слайд 6 Massachusetts Bay Colony
Puritans, Separatists (set out for the

Massachusetts Bay ColonyPuritans, Separatists (set out for the New World in

New World in 1620)
The Mayflower, Plymouth
Indians helped them to

plant maize – Thanksgiving
Strict religious rules in the new colony
John Winthrop – a “Puritan Utopia” for the region

Слайд 7 Colonies
The Middle Atlantic Colonies - Pennsylvania and NY
Philadelphia

ColoniesThe Middle Atlantic Colonies - Pennsylvania and NYPhiladelphia – busy docks

– busy docks and pursued trade. Population grew to

over 30 000 people by 1776. The Scots and Irish.
NY – founded by the Dutch, was sold to them by the Native Americans for $24.Dutch, French, Swedes, English, Irish, Norwegians

Слайд 8 Colonies
The Southern Colonies- Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South

ColoniesThe Southern Colonies- Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina Georgia –

Carolina Georgia – mostly rural
Tobacco, rice, indigo, cotton
German immigrants,

Scot-Irish, English

Слайд 9 Time line
1634 – Maryland accepted Catholics
1638 – Massachusetts

restricted religious freedom
1646 – death penalty to those who

didn’t follow Puritanism
1649 – The Toleration Act
1667 – the Separation of Church and State

Слайд 10 Time Line
1692 – The Salem Witch trials
1702 –

Time Line1692 – The Salem Witch trials1702 – the Anglican church

the Anglican church made the official religion in Maryland
1728

– Jewish Synagogue built in NY
1741 – The Great Awakening

Слайд 11 Salem Witch Trials
February 1692 and May 1693
"And now

Nineteen persons having been hang'd, and one prest to

death, and Eight more condemned, in all Twenty and Eight, of which above a third part were Members of some of the Churches of N. England, and more than half of them of a good Conversation in general, and not one clear'd; about Fifty having confest themselves to be Witches, of which not one Executed; above an Hundred and Fifty in Prison, and Two Hundred more acccused…

Слайд 12 Ben Franklin
Inventing – Stove, lightning rod, bifocals
Medicine –

Ben FranklinInventing – Stove, lightning rod, bifocalsMedicine – founded first US

founded first US hospital
Printing – “Patron Saint of Printing”
Public

Safety – first police and fire departments
Community service – street lighting, paving and cleaning

Слайд 13 Franklin’s Almanack
Began publishing Poor Richard's Almanack on December

Franklin’s AlmanackBegan publishing Poor Richard's Almanack on December 28, 1732Published for

28, 1732
Published for 25 years, 10 000 copies a

year
Contained calendar, weather, poems, sayings, astronomical and astrological information, mathematical exercise
Proverbial sentences about industry and life

Слайд 14 Franklin’s Almanack
Light purse, heavy heart.
Great Talkers, little Doers.
Distrust

Franklin’s AlmanackLight purse, heavy heart.Great Talkers, little Doers.Distrust & caution are

& caution are the parents of security.
Nothing more like

a Fool, than a drunken Man.
Innocence is its own Defence.
Look before, or you'll find yourself behind.
Nothing but Money, is Sweeter than Honey.

Слайд 15 13 virtues to live by
temperance
silence
order
resolution

13 virtues to live bytemperance silence order resolution frugality industry sincerity

frugality
industry
sincerity
justice
moderation
cleanliness
tranquility
chastity
and

humility

Слайд 16 Background
Diversity of cultures:
Native Americans (all

over the continent);
Spanish (Florida);
French (Louisiana);
Dutch (New

York);
English (Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania),
Puritans (Massachusetts)

Слайд 17 Background
Diversity of genres:
Until the 17th century – no

BackgroundDiversity of genres:Until the 17th century – no realistic novel and

realistic novel and no short story
17th-18th centuries – dominance

of non-fiction, such as political writings, personal narratives, and philosophy
19th century – fiction, poetry, drama; non-fiction is secondary

Слайд 18 Between 1820 ad 1865
Fiction: sentimental novel, Gothic romance,

Between 1820 ad 1865Fiction: sentimental novel, Gothic romance, adventure and historical

adventure and historical romance
Western (frontier) themes, Domestic novel
Numerous

women-writers

Слайд 19 18th and 19th centuries
B.Franklin, Thomas Paine, Thomas

18th and 19th centuries B.Franklin, Thomas Paine, Thomas Jefferson (Declaration of

Jefferson (Declaration of Independence)
The basic principles of republican theory
Washington

Irving, James Fenimore Cooper, Edgar Allan Poe
Search for a characteristic American literature

Слайд 20 Frontier novel
James Fenimore Cooper (1789-1851)
Adventure romances, set in

Frontier novelJames Fenimore Cooper (1789-1851)Adventure romances, set in American WestSuccessfully emulated

American West
Successfully emulated Sir Walter Scott – exotic Western

settings, and the American revolution or Indian Wars as historical background
Typical American characters: brave Am soldier, good and bad Indian, the pioneer, inexperienced newcomer

Слайд 21 James Fenimore Cooper
1821 – The Spy: A Tale

James Fenimore Cooper1821 – The Spy: A Tale of the Neutral

of the Neutral Ground – American Revolution
1842 – The

Pilot: A Tale of the Sea
The Leatherstocking Tales: The Pioneers (1823), The Last of the Mohicans (1826), The Prairie (1827), The Pathfinder: or the Inland Sea (1840)

Слайд 22 James Fenimore Cooper
Natty Bumpoo – the Leatherstocking, the

James Fenimore CooperNatty Bumpoo – the Leatherstocking, the Deer Slayer, the

Deer Slayer, the Hawkeye
Different stages of the character’s life
Shifting

time of action – a fantastic character who can beat time: he gets old, then young, then dies, then he is young again (the theme of rebirth)

Слайд 23 James Fenimore Cooper
Natty Bumpoo – combines Indian (the

James Fenimore CooperNatty Bumpoo – combines Indian (the wild nature) and

wild nature) and white (civilization) qualities
White “noble savage”
Dreamlike ideal

of the new American hero
Cooper – novels of manners, sentimental fiction, non-fictional works

Слайд 24 Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)

Слайд 25 Edgar Allan Poe
Foster family
6 – 11 – England,

Edgar Allan PoeFoster family6 – 11 – England, boarding schoolUniversity of

boarding school
University of Virginia
1829 – The Academy of West

Point
New York, extreme poverty, married his cousin Virginia (27-13)
1841 – The Murders in the Rue Morgue – first success
1845 – The Raven

Слайд 26 Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)
Gothic fiction which aspired to

Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)Gothic fiction which aspired to the Romantic ideals

the Romantic ideals of artistic excellence and philosophical depth
Images

of death and madness
Numerous Gothic tales; body-mind problem, uncertainty about the fate; limited knowledge of the physical world and mystery

Слайд 27

Слайд 28

Слайд 29

Слайд 30 Edgar Allan Poe
1840 – The Fall of the

House of Usher – an allegory of the human

mind, represented by a house
1841 – The Murders in the Rue Morgue
1845 – The Facts in the Case of M.Valdemar – a tale of a man hypnotized at the moment of his death – doubts about the nature of our life and thought

Слайд 31 Edgar Allan Poe - poetry
1845 – The Raven

Edgar Allan Poe - poetry1845 – The Raven and Other PoemsThe

and Other Poems
The Raven – mourning and madness caused

by death of a beloved person
The Raven – a symbol of inescapable passage of time and loss
Prime concern – the effect of the poetry on the readers
Shouldn’t be didactic or moralising, nor informative and instructive, shouldn’t be burdened with social functions

Слайд 32 The Romantic Period (1820-1860)
The first great literary generation
Walt

The Romantic Period (1820-1860)The first great literary generationWalt Whitman, Nathaniel Hawthorne,

Whitman, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Herman Melville, Edgar Allan Poe, Emily

Dickinson, the Transcedentalists
The “Romance” – a heightened, emotional, and symbolic form of novel
Special techniques to communicate complex and subtle meanings

Слайд 33 The Romantic Period (1820-1860)
Heroic figures larger than life,

The Romantic Period (1820-1860)Heroic figures larger than life, burning with mystic

burning with mystic significance
Protagonists – haunted, alienated individuals, lonely

characters, pitted against dark fates
They grow out of their deepest unconscious selves.

Слайд 34 The Romantic Period (1820-1860)
One reason – the absence

The Romantic Period (1820-1860)One reason – the absence of settled, traditional

of settled, traditional community life
America – constantly moving frontier
The

democratic American individual had to invent himself
New literary forms
Indicated how difficult it was to create an identity without a stable society

Слайд 35 Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864)
The House of the Seven Gables

Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864)The House of the Seven Gables – the idea

– the idea of a curse on the family;

New England family: an inherited curse and its resolution through love
Allegorical mode
Historical settings and fantastic elements
A moral truth rather than a realistic image of life