Презентация на тему Alkynes

–C (triple)C- are called alkynes.

Each triple bond contains one sigma (σ) and two pi (π) bonds.
Because of the π bonds in their structure alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.

where n is an integer starting from 2.


Alkynes are

named by using the –yne suffix in place of the –ane suffix of alkanes.

removing one H atom. The most common alkynyl groups

are ethynyl, 1–propynyl, and 1–butynyl

of other hydrocarbons.
Alkynes may contain more than one triple

bond. An alkyne with two triple bonds is called an alkadiyne.

Alkenynes

cycloalkyne at room temperature is cyclononyne.

in an alkyne, so alkynes can exhibit structural isomerism.

For the first two members of alkynes there is only one possible position for bond, so for these cases there is no isomerism.
Alkynes, alkadienes and cycloalkenes containing the same number of carbon atoms are isomers of each other.

organic solvents
3)Density less than water

properties are similar to alkenes.
Alkynes undergo combustion reactions and

addition reactions, as alkenes do.
In addition, alkynes undergo substitution reactions with metals.

bonds of the triple bond. Hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides

and water may give addition reactions with alkynes.

one triple bond using a nickel, platinum or palladium

catalyst. Alkenes are the intermediate products.

acetlylides and alkyl halides.

is one of the major chemicals used in industry.

1)Very

light odor
2)Colorless
3)Soluble in water
4)Soluble in acetone
5)Boiling point -83* C
6)Can be liquified at 1*C

1)It burns with a bright flame
2)Explodes at about 15 atm pressure

American frogs
used to make poison-tipped arrows
 
Ichthyothereol
highly toxic alkyne found

in the leaves of a Brazilian herb
used to kill fish

Calicheamicin and Esperamicin
extremely toxic to cells
breaks double strand of DNA
researchers are trying to use it to develop a cancer fighting drug
 
Capillin
natural plant fungicide