Презентация на тему Questionnaire. Characteristics of a good questionnaire

an instrument
Reliability
Validity
Constructing a questionnaire

that serves as a primary research instrument in survey

research.
Used to collect factual information
Consist of a form containing a series of questions

specific and relevant topic
Should be short
Directions and wording should

be simple and clear
Questions should be objective
Embarrassing questions, presuming questions and hypothetical questions should be avoided
Should be presented in a good order
Should be attractive, neatly printed and clearly arranged

sex, marital status, occupation, income, political affiliation religious affiliation,

etc.

MEASUREMENT:
Measurement of individual and/or group variables like attitude, opinion, traits and habits of persons.

required,
Fixed- response questionnaire.
Open- end questionnaire.

Based upon the method

of administering,
Mail questionnaire
Face-to-face administered questionnaire

use of questionnaire to measure variables
Demographic variables
The accuracy and

precision of questionnaire requires expertise and care in their construction
Self report scales

characteristics of the people who are surveyed.
Measures such

as race, ethnicity, age and socio economic status.
The accuracy and precision of questionnaire as survey research instrument depends upon the expertise and care that go into their construction

of coffee preferred, attitude regarding public issues

attitude about items presented on the scale
e.g., coffee, political

candidates, life events

To determine differences among people on some dimensions presented on the scale
e.g., personality traits, amount of stress

should yield similar(consistent) results each time it is taken
Common

method: test- retest reliability

FACTORS AFFECTING RELIABILITY:
Number of items
Variability
Condition in which the questionnaire is administered

it measure what it intends to measure?

Assessing validity: Construct

validity
Extend to which it measure the theoretical construct it is designed to measure.
Convergent validity
Discriminant validity.

concluding with specific procedures.

STEPS:
Decide what information should be sought
Decide

what type of questionnaire should be used
Write a first draft of the questionnaire
Reexamine and revise the questionnaire
Pretest the questionnaire
Edit the questionnaire and specify the procedures for its use.

words
Avoid embarrassing questions
Avoid double negatives
Avoid leading questions
Presuming questions
Hypothetical questions

questions
No sensitive and embarrassing questions at beginning
Move from general

to specific in logical manner
Sensitive questions at the end
Demographic data should be obtained at the end of self administering questions
Kahn & Cannel (1975)
funnel sequence: Start with broad questions and gradually narrow down to the specific questions related to the topic.

data
But the questionnaire must be highly reliable and valid.
Using

standardized questionnaires will give us the appropriate data and will yield a valid study
One must follow all the basic guidelines and methods of constructing a questionnaire and test it before using it.

in Behavioral Sciences. Patna: Bharati Bhawan.

1. Shaughnessy, J.J., Zechmeister,

E.B. & Zechmeister, J.S. (2006). Research Methods in Psychology. (7th edition). Singapore: McGraw-Hill.