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Презентация на тему Historical development of management (Lecture 2)

Содержание

2. Management as practice appeared because of the
3. Adam Smith pointed that the natural desire
4. The formation of management as a scienceis
5. The evaluation of management thought
6. Scientists (founders of management):Frederick Taylor (1856-1915); Harrington Emerson (1853-1931); Henri Fayol (1841-1925)
7. Classical approaches:Systematic ScientificBureaucracy AdministrativeHuman relations
8. Systematic approach Systematic approach tried to build
9. Systematic approach
10. Administrative -classical school of managers Henri Fayol (1841
11. Administrative -classical school of managers The working
12. 14 principles of administration: Administrative -classical school of managers
13. 1 Division of work 2 Power and
14. Henri Fayol points the operation groups in management:Technical
15. The contribution of this school is that
16. School of Scientific management F.Taylor is a
17. Taylor's basic views presented in the books
18. The merit of Taylor’s works:1 He proved
19. The merit of Taylor’s works for establishing
20. The main idea is that based on
21. Fundamental principles of management (Emerson G):The main
22. Human relations school G. Münsterberg (1983-1916) M
23. In management the main accent is paid
24. The essence of human relations school points
25. Bureaucracy approach Max Weber – The Theory of Social and Economic Organization
26. Contemporary approaches include:Quantitative management Organizational behavior Systems theory Contingency perspective
27. Quantitative management
28. Organizational behavior
29. Contingency perspective
30. DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:How does modern business world compare
31. 5. Why did the contingency perspective become
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Management as practice appeared because of the understanding that:to achieve the goals of the company the organizational executive functions should be given (transferred) to the professional specialists (managers)

Lecture 2 Historical development of management

Adam Smith pointed that the natural desire to increase wealth is the

The formation of management as a scienceis determined byneeds and demands of

Scientists (founders of management):Frederick Taylor (1856-1915); Harrington Emerson (1853-1931); Henri Fayol (1841-1925)

Classical approaches:Systematic ScientificBureaucracy AdministrativeHuman relations

Systematic approach Systematic approach tried to build specific procedures and process into

Administrative -classical school of managers Henri Fayol (1841 - 1825) created a

Administrative -classical school of managers The working out the rational structure of

14 principles of administration: Administrative -classical school of managers

1 Division of work 2 Power and responsibility 3 Discipline 4 Unity

Henri Fayol points the operation groups in management:Technical Commercial Financial Insurance Accounts Administrative

The contribution of this school is that management is considered as a

School of Scientific management F.Taylor is a founder of this school.His contribution

Taylor's basic views presented in the books

The merit of Taylor’s works:1 He proved the possibility to develop the

The merit of Taylor’s works for establishing the principles of scientific management:

The main idea is that based on observation, logic, analyses a plenty

Fundamental principles of management (Emerson G):The main task of employee to exceed

Human relations school G. Münsterberg (1983-1916) M L.Falletta (1868-1933) Elite Mayo (1880-1945)

In management the main accent is paid not to fulfilling the task

The essence of human relations school points the managerial precepts developed by

Bureaucracy approach Max Weber – The Theory of Social and Economic Organization

Contemporary approaches include:Quantitative management Organizational behavior Systems theory Contingency perspective

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:How does modern business world compare with the one of 40

5. Why did the contingency perspective become such an important approach to

Слайды презентации

Слайд 2 Management as practice appeared because of the understanding

Management as practice appeared because of the understanding that:to achieve the

that:

to achieve the goals of the company the organizational

executive functions should be given (transferred) to the professional specialists (managers)

Слайд 3 Adam Smith pointed that the natural desire to

Adam Smith pointed that the natural desire to increase wealth is

increase wealth is the main power for any person,

to overcome all obstacles which leads to general wealth of the company.

Слайд 4 The formation of management as a science
is determined

The formation of management as a scienceis determined byneeds and demands

by
needs and demands of business to use new achievements
the

scientific working outs of the most effective methods to fulfill the work

Слайд 5 The evaluation of management thought

Слайд 6 Scientists (founders of management):

Frederick Taylor (1856-1915);
Harrington Emerson

(1853-1931);
Henri Fayol (1841-1925)

Слайд 7 Classical approaches:

Systematic

Scientific

Bureaucracy

Administrative

Human relations

Слайд 8 Systematic approach
Systematic approach tried to build specific

Systematic approach Systematic approach tried to build specific procedures and process

procedures and process into operations to ensure coordination of

effort.

It emphasized economical operations, adequate staffing, maintenance of inventories to meet consumer demand, and organizational control

It was done through:
Careful definition of duties and responsibilities
Standardized techniques for performing the duties
Specific means of gathering, handling, transmitting and analyzing information

Слайд 9 Systematic approach

Слайд 10 Administrative -classical school of managers

Henri Fayol (1841 -

1825) created a "theory of administration”

Followers:
H.Emerson, L.Guleek, A.Railly, Ch.Bernard

worked on the creation of general (universal) principles of management

Слайд 11 Administrative -classical school of managers
The working out

Administrative -classical school of managers The working out the rational structure

the rational structure of organization
Human management
Division of the company

to departments and semi-departments

Bureaucratic system of management based on clearly defined rules of duties and obligations

Scientific directions

Слайд 12 14 principles of administration:
Administrative -classical school of

managers

Слайд 13 1 Division of work
2 Power and responsibility

1 Division of work 2 Power and responsibility 3 Discipline 4

3 Discipline
4 Unity of orders
5 Unity of

leadership
6 Submission of private interests to company ones
7 Remuneration of staff

14 principles of administration:

8. Centralization
9 Scalar objective
10 Procedure
11 Justice
12 Permanence, stability of staff
13 Initiative
14 Corporate spiritual union staff

Administrative -classical school of managers

Слайд 14 Henri Fayol points the operation groups in management:
Technical
Commercial

Henri Fayol points the operation groups in management:Technical Commercial Financial Insurance Accounts

Financial
Insurance
Accounts
Administrative
Administrative -classical school of managers

Слайд 15 The contribution of this school is that management

The contribution of this school is that management is considered as

is considered as a universal process that consists of

several interrelated functions.

They formed the theory of management of the entire organization.

Administrative -classical school of managers

Слайд 16 School of Scientific management
F.Taylor is a founder

School of Scientific management F.Taylor is a founder of this school.His

of this school.

His contribution is the necessity of standard

approach to fair daily output.

Fair daily output shouldn’t depend on subjective evaluations of manager but it should be based on detailed scientific observation and inspection.

It leads to the appearing of scientific management.

Слайд 17 Taylor's basic views presented in the books "Enterprise

Management" (1903),
"Principles of Scientific Management" (1911)

The basic

ideas of the works:

1 role of managers
2 motivation and rewards
3 rationing of work

Слайд 18 The merit of Taylor’s works:

1 He proved the

The merit of Taylor’s works:1 He proved the possibility to develop

possibility to develop the implementation methods of production and

labor operations on the basis of cost of time, movements and efforts.

2 Each manager must provide selection, choose the most suitable working places with maximum benefit, motivation and control of work.

3 He improved the system of remuneration.

Слайд 19 The merit of Taylor’s works for
establishing the

The merit of Taylor’s works for establishing the principles of scientific

principles of scientific management:

4. The investigation of each

individual activity

5. The selection of works to perform certain operations and training

6. Providing employees with the necessary resources

7. Extracting planning as a separate process control

8. Adoption of management as a separate activity

Слайд 20 The main idea is that based on observation,

The main idea is that based on observation, logic, analyses a

logic, analyses a plenty of operations can be improved

The subject of the research is the production process

The object – the employee

School of Scientific management

Слайд 21 Fundamental principles of management
(Emerson G):

The main task

Fundamental principles of management (Emerson G):The main task of employee to

of employee to exceed a chief
The main

task of a chief to make the employee's work more effective
Qualified specialists are to form the tasks of the activity
Higher management level is to serve the lower one

School of Scientific management

Слайд 22 Human relations school
G. Münsterberg (1983-1916)
M L.Falletta

Human relations school G. Münsterberg (1983-1916) M L.Falletta (1868-1933) Elite Mayo

(1868-1933)
Elite Mayo (1880-1945)
D. McGregor (1906-1964)
Neoclassical school

– beginning of 20th century

The human factor as the main element of an effective enterprise

Слайд 23 In management the main accent is paid not

In management the main accent is paid not to fulfilling the

to fulfilling the task but to create the climate

in a team

Relationship between people is the main distinguishing feature of the school of human relations

Human relations school

Слайд 24 The essence of human relations school points the

managerial precepts developed by this company:

1 Pay attention

to the opinions of others, even if it is not true. Please infinite patience.

2 Justice for subordinates.

3 Be polite, do not show irritation.

4 Being short.

5 Discuss the subordinate’s mistakes privately .

6 Thank for the good work.

Human relations school

Слайд 25 Bureaucracy approach
Max Weber – The Theory of

Social and Economic Organization

Слайд 26 Contemporary approaches include:

Quantitative management

Organizational behavior

Systems

theory

Contingency perspective

Слайд 27 Quantitative management

Слайд 28 Organizational behavior

Слайд 29 Contingency perspective

Слайд 30 DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:

How does modern business world compare with

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:How does modern business world compare with the one of

the one of 40 years ago? What is different

today and what is not?

What is scientific management? How might today’s organizations use it?

3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a bureaucratic
organization in the modern business world?

4. In what situations are quantitative management concepts and tools
applicable?

Слайд 31 5. Why did the contingency perspective become such

5. Why did the contingency perspective become such an important approach

an important approach to management? Generate a list of

contingencies that might affect the decisions you made in your life

6. For each of the management approach give example. How effective or ineffective were they?

7. Are 14 principles of Fayol useful today? Why?