Managing Organizations!?Financial ManagementAccountingOperations ManagementManagement Information SystemsInternational ManagementMarketingManagementHuman Side of OrganizationsEnvironment Side of Organizations
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Managing Organizations!? Financial Management Accounting Operations Management Management Information Systems International Management Marketing Management Human Side
of Organizations Environment Side of Organizations
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Topics in Management Human Side of Organization Organizational Behavior Human Resource
Management Industrial Relations Environment Side of Organization Strategy Organization Theory
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Theories of Management Universal Management Process (Henri Fayol, 1919):
14 Universal principles that managers should implement Operational Approach (Fred
Taylor, 1911): Conducting a business by standards (Principles of Scientific Management) Behavioral Approach: People are the central focus of organized activity Hawthorne studies: Elton Mayo (1932) Human Side of Enterprise (book by Douglas McGregor, 1960): Theory X vs. Theory Y based on different assumptions about people Systems Approach: Synthetic thinking based on collective phenomena Chester Barnard (The Functions of the Executive, 1938): Willingness to Serve, common purpose & communication are the principal elements of an organization Contingency Approach: Effectiveness of managerial practices and techniques depend on situations
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14 Universal principles by Fayol
1. Division of work 2.
of direction (efforts should be coordinated) 6. Subordination of individual interests to the general interest 7. Remuneration 8. Centralization (power balance depending on the context) 9. Scalar chain (formal chain of command) 10. Order (proper places – both materials and human resources) 11. Equity 12. Stability and tenure of personnel 13. Initiative 14. Esprit de corps (Harmonious efforts)
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Perspectives on Human Beings Human Beings as Machinery Parts Taylorism Human
Beings with Emotion and Thinking Capability Hawthorne study Human Beings as